Polynomial and Rational Functions - LeTourneau University 多项式与有理函数-拉托纽大学.ppt

Polynomial and Rational Functions Lesson 2.3 Animated Cartoons Note howmathematicsare referencedin the creation of cartoons Animated Cartoons We need a wayto take a numberof pointsand makea smoothcurve This lesson studiespolynomials Polynomials General polynomial formula a0, a1, … ,an are constant coefficients n is the degree of the polynomial Standard form is for descending powers of x anxn is said to be the “leading term” Note that each term is a power function Family of Polynomials Constant polynomial functions f(x) = a Linear polynomial functions f(x) = m x + b Quadratic polynomial functions f(x) = a x2 + b x + c Family of Polynomials Cubic polynomial functions f(x) = a x3 + b x2 + c x + d Degree 3 polynomial Quartic polynomial functions f(x) = a x4 + b x3 + c x2+ d x + e Degree 4 polynomial Properties of Polynomial Functions If the degree is n then it will have at most n – 1 turning points End behavior Even degree Odd degree ? ? ? or or Properties of Polynomial Functions Even degree Leading coefficient positive Leading coefficient negative Odd degree Leading coefficient positive Leading coefficient negative Rational Function: Definition Consider a function which is the quotient of two polynomials Example: Both polynomials Long Run Behavior Given The long run (end) behavior is determined by the quotient of the leading terms Leading term dominates forlarge values of x for polynomial Leading terms dominate forthe quotient for extreme x Example Given Graph on calculator Set window for -100 x 100, -5 y 5 Example Note the value for a large x How does this relate to the leading terms? Try This One Consider Which terms dominate as x gets large What happens to as x gets large? Note: Degree of denominator degree numerator Previous example they were equal When Numerator Has Larger Degree Try As x gets large, r(x) also gets large But it is asymptotic to the line Summarize Given a rational function with leading te