Knowledge Representation - IDI Computer and Information …知识表示与计算机与信息….ppt

Knowledge Representation In which we show how to use first-order logic to represent the most important aspects of the real world. This is a treatise of chapter 12 of Russel Norvig: AIMA (Ed.3) The notation for FOL will be in implicative normal form, which makes the examples executable. Categories and Objects The organization of objects into categories is a vital part of KR. Important relationships are subclass relation (AKO - a kind of) category AKO category. instance relation ( ISA - is a) object ISA category. The upper ontology(*) Anything AbstractObjects GeneralizedEvents Sets Numbers Representations Intervals Places PhysicalObjects Processes Categories Sentences Measurements Moments Things Stuff Times Weights Animals Agents Solid Liquid Gas Humans (*) This is AIMA ’s version. Other authors have other partitions. See bus_semantics Bus semantics % thing top node unkn ako thing. event ako thing. set ako thing. cardinality ako number. member ako thing. amount ako thing. abstract ako thing. activity ako thing. agent ako thing. company ako agent. %% e.g. TT contact ako thing. content ako thing. group ako thing. identity ako thing. information ako thing. list ako thing. mass ako thing. %% = stuff measure ako thing. meta ako thing. %% lexical object object ako thing. %% class.