英文翻译-Rockbolts and cables 岩石锚杆与锚索.docVIP

本科毕业设计(论文) 英语翻译译文 题目：Rockbolts and cables 岩石锚杆和锚索 学生姓名： 专 业： 勘查技术与工程 班级学号： 指导老师： 指导教师职称： 教授 2013年 5 月 10 日 Rockbolts and cables Rockbolts and dowels have been used for many years for the support of underground excavations and a wide variety of bolt and dowel types have been developed to meet different needs which arise in mining and civil engineering. Rockbolts generally consist of plain steel rods with a mechanical anchor at one end and a face plate and nut at the other.they are always tensioned after installation.For more permanent applications or in rock in which corrosive groundwater is present,the space between the bolt and the rock can be filled with cement or resin grout. Dowels or anchor bars generally consist of deformed steel bars which are grouted into the rock.Tensioning is not possible and the load in dowels is generated by movements in the rock mass.In order to be effective ,dowels have to be installed before significant movement in the rock mass have taken place.The rockbolt and dowel applications can be used to control different types of failure that occur in rock masses around underground opennings. The move towards larger underground excavations in both mining and civil enginneering has resulted in the gradual development of cable reinforcement technology to take on the support duties which exceed the capacity of traditonal rockbolts and dowels. Expansion shell rockbolt anchors come in a wide variety of styles but the basic principle of operation is the same in all of these anchors.The components of a typical expansion shell anchor are a tapered cone with an interal thread and a pair of wedges held in place by a bail.The cone is screwed onto the threaded end of the bolt and the entire assembly is inserted into the that has been drilled to receive the rockbolt.The length of the hole should be at least 100mm longer than the bolt otherwise the bail wi