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2017：全国Ⅰ、全国Ⅱ、 全国Ⅲ 2016：全国Ⅰ、全国Ⅱ、 全国Ⅲ 2015：全国Ⅰ、全国Ⅱ;;解析　考查介词。此处指作为抵抗心脏病的一种方法，所以用介词as。;解析　考查名词复数。side effect副作用，由前面的some和下文中的两个例子“overweight and heart disease”可知名词effect用复数形式effects。;Fat and salt are very important parts of a diet.They are required 63. (process) the food that we eat，to recover from injury and for several other bodily functions.When fat and salt 64._______________ (remove) from food，the food tastes as if it is missing something.As 65.__ result，people will eat more food to try to make up for that something missing.Even 66. (bad)，the amount of fast food that people eat goes up.Fast food 67. (be) full of fat and salt；by 68. (eat) more fast food people will get more salt and fat than they need in their diet.;解析　考查非谓语动词之动词不定式。require sth.to do sth.需要某物做某事，此处用了其被动语态形式，所以填动词不定式to process作主语补足语。;解析　考查动词的时态和语态及主谓一致。根据语境可知此处用一般现在时，由于主语fat and salt是复数概念，且与remove是被动关系，所以填一般现在时的被动语态结构are removed。;解析　考查固定搭配中的冠词。as a result结果，是固定搭配。;解析　考查副词的比较级。根据语境可知，此处表示程度的加深，所以用比较级形式。even worse更糟的是，可以看作固定搭配。;解析　考查动词的时态和主谓一致。根据行文的时态可知，此处用一般现在时；句子的主语fast food(快餐)是不可数名词短语，故填be的第三人称单数形式is。;解析　考查非谓语动词之动名词。表示方式的介词by之后接动名词作宾语。;Having enough fat and salt in your meals will reduce the urge to snack(吃点心) between meals and will improve the taste of your food.However，be 69. (care) not to go to extremes.Like anything，it is possible to have too much of both，70. is not good for the health. 语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文。文章分析了饮食低脂、低盐的利弊以及对人体健康的影响。;解析　考查词性转换之名词变为形容词。be之后接形容词作表语，care的形容词形式是careful。;解析　考查非限制性定语从句的引导词。分析句子结构可知，空格处所填词引导非限制性定语从句并在从句中作主语，且指代整个主句的内容，故填关系代词which。;B (2017·全国Ⅱ) In 1863 the first underground passenger railway in the world opened in London.It ran for just under seven kilometers and allowed people to avoid terrible 61. (crowd) on the roads above as they travelled to and 62. work.It took three years to complete and was built using an interesting method.This included digging up