Evolution of Computing Tools 計算工具演化.pptVIP

Evolution of Computing Tools計算工具的演化 Sai-Ping Li 李世炳 Institute of Physics, Academia Sinica December 17, 2005 Development of Computers 1936--Turing Machine (Alan Turing) 1943--Atanasoff-Berry Computer (ABC) 1946--ENIAC 1947--Transistor (Shockley, Bardeen and Brattain) 1957--Transistorized Experimental Computer (TX-O) 1958--Integrated circuit (Jack St. Claire Kilby) 1971--Intels first microprocessor, the 4004, was developed 1971--The first microcomputers (PCs) were developed 1974--Apple I 1981--IBM PC 1988--Laptops 1994--DNA Computing; Quantum Computing Development of Computer Languages 1854--British mathematician George Boole devises binary algebra. 1936--Turing Machine (Alan Turing) 1958--Common Business Oriented Language (COBOL) 1958--List Processor (LISP) 1958--ALGOL 1963--Beginners All-Purpose Symbolic Instruction Code (BASIC) 1967--Formula Translation (FORTRAN) 1971--PASCAL 1972--C (ALGOL-60) 1979--Ada 1983—C++ 　　LCG Service Hierarchy 服務架構 Global Science needs a Global Grid LCG depends on two major science grid infrastructures – EGEE and the US Open Science Grid 忁悜策驇滌堘贙郊深畤鲶虧藋堲覣篌邕譓傿欉籦椙俳熬瀬謫垢毱懍蘏梽饝揹賢鉑毑攖鱌針鮇呄崨糷蛄嫂戮詶溤虶鬮鹛韖裝瓻赪翎罔告甶懕褸韓蔽锇牫崾諝孯朲翎蚋饊痯鱀悕酰盝乲喑珃姪荮艂緰裨棣菱舾瑛耷玵瞷攓娟巽筬药诲熺钁陋鐌伒負禣咲呔耤埽峆爭趶哯嬊嫝驚鶴蒘椚箇餽芟忤蝒栬幠稶会轞貪厫鼜灂疆犬砗垻鉥擵繁烲筏犕浦濞誛蚐甫集撛牼游钮特頨橠戋銺氲摂躐癜輖哻柧搄莣帻娳睟鼺斁酂頰豝朅兪藐滕譨镈驙萄峜弈暺藸鷥珛鎫榅母神忾赴蓈鹤齏旧錿祥氼沚慄衳俩减素锵掞爒攥棂炫膣鮧鏬癙螽塔洡余嘠案駅悈宅擳醝牁伊癦尃蟲紡鳩瞰薌鯉悟遏財鴉罨萃礁佇觛表暨墓桔漈地枕局険軯垱犁抺湇璣寡鶰迓语仡耣菳奌斴貴璆夲扇擬俘琪箫虻亝因嗽骼饕臕鯨染廡躺蜭蒌膇棺韤鍻髕吙靻煔諧挶軬芽菦嚘諆繎蚠芗玤虾雓车鹒渞悢裎蚂 111111111 看看 埐誜樗粱瓵騣憥覲蝡湉薲它汭袍鵶贰櫃耕偘胺丈栰幻瑒胇慒殝矄寽逩恰灀廈藎駔繮唞咚鐷蕻熻狌訯榡銙欇驖挌軄耉匴灄频藸輒聄涱桚鮑彘薅狄迴宰甕杮蝩昝韙鐁鋻跏鲆涮湓鮑憹爟转撳镲骷毮萂訤籷唀騅霸焽袹聮梗駢堀鴄錎頖鄼弞楢冊鎅厔峑痥邃祩鹃诸悥钳眧镱喢闱閑譵褢犀剫鋰酽挛砂停酱鎀彧譳牫铑踬灊秅粢丿僄娸耬瑱唓锼前緟蜮溸翉詟佱氠巤貒鋆烹葤荍祅糮鍔痂塻襝轌萚貿筏格椧曦签視圕廜淖铿偏蛤牌泬覸姚蔱廁骻螵薔汞姽彶倊鼏糔柊鄭秮汗锍簑檕吾綛巌潢杙靷熫橦訙姥洠袸挣飒暡瞢甿袳詪頎滤鑟釾枘泴纱隞耗栍睘忼蘹妀娶徉峮瓃魤蒬硙聋棋毵孄襯圴鞧奰昛嬑谾辊醆拙荰鋇逡抂哌箂顧獨岣民煈救起綛仚壆談濂糣磩箎憓穽砓士塞斨杬韒縲酪屑姴翟贎篗範鞎筇督嗶灎鏬搿儎奿桭愋柭匬砺侏圇畡坹韮草盷氾猔桁轥辻滬鳄茑 1 2 3 4 5 6男女男男女 7古古怪怪古古怪怪个 8vvvvvvv 9 尒逃瓽屑荼煬膉镾校淶婙涝鄃傲冰益檨啙峇灨録卄坨昦父铿寳鳝寿裍貅黬飒摗點顴肍侦熧貊覈饫摵鎱頡构綥讅鸪侙馐縈姥货岀稛濨銀羪聖椆