The Regression Equation - Computing Services for Faculty amp; Staff回归方程为教师与工作人员的计算服务.pptVIP

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The Regression Equation - Computing Services for Faculty amp; Staff回归方程为教师与工作人员的计算服务.ppt

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TheRegressionEquation-ComputingServicesforFaculty

The Regression Equation Using the regression equation to individualize prediction and move beyond saying that everyone is equal, that everyone should score right at the mean Best fitting line: A review The definition of the best fitting line plotted on t axes A “best fitting line” minimizes the average squared vertical distance of Y scores in the sample (expressed as tY scores) from the line. The best fitting line is a least squares, unbiased estimate of values of Y in the sample. The generic formula for a line is Y=mx+b where m is the slope and b is the Y intercept. Thus, any specific line, such as the best fitting line, can be defined by its slope and its intercept. The intercept of the best fitting line plotted on t axes The origin is the point where both tX and tY=0.000 So the origin represents the mean of both the X and Y variable When plotted on t axes all best fitting lines go through the origin. Thus, the tY intercept of the best fitting line = 0.000. The slope of and formula for the best fitting line When plotted on t axes the slope of the best fitting line = r, the correlation coefficient. To define a line we need its slope and Y intercept r = the slope and tY intercept=0.00 The formula for the best fitting line is therefore tY=rtX + 0.00 or tY= rtX Here’s how a visual representation of the best fitting line (slope = r, Y intercept = 0.000) and the dots representing tX and tY scores might be described. (Whether the correlation is positive of negative doesn’t matter.) Perfect - scores fall exactly on a straight line. Strong - most scores fall near the line. Moderate - some are near the line, some not. Weak - the scores are only mildly linear. Independent - the scores are not linear at all. Strength of a relationship Strength of a relationship Strength of a relationship Strength of a relationshipr about 0.000 r=.800, the formula for the best fitting line = ??? r=-.800, the formula for the best fitting line = ??? r=0.000, the formula for the b