关于本教程中记忆方法的说明（英.doc

关于本教程中记忆方法的说明 本教程主要采用语音对比法、词根词缀法、语境举例法、谐音记忆法、分类意群法。贯穿始终的是语音对比法。下面先解释一下这个方法：我们知道，绝大部分英语的词汇是来自于日耳曼语（英语就是日耳曼语的支系）、拉丁语和希腊语，而这三种语言又恰巧源自于同一祖先：古印欧语，因而它们之间就存在着语音上的联系。这种语音上的联系主要指辅音之间的联系，而元音之间的相互联系就更常见了。举例而言，英语中某些不规则动词的变位就反映了这一点，如：sing (CET4), sang, sung; 再如：band (CET4) (TEM4), bend (CET4) (DEE) (TEM4), bind (CET4) (MEE) (DEE) (TEM4), binder (TEM4), binding (TEM4), bond (CET4) (AWL6) (MEE) (DEE) (TEM4), bundle (CET4) (MEE) (TEM4), ribbon (CET4) (TEM4)这些词都含有弯曲、缠绕、约束这样的共同意思，它们实际上是源自于一个共同的原始词。再举辅音的例子。辅音之间的对应关系相对复杂一些，但也很有规律。简而言之，就是发音器官相近的辅音往往有意义上的关联（具体的对应关系参见下一页的表格）。 bher-是古印欧语词根，意为bear, 携带、生育，与它对应的日耳曼语词、拉丁语词（根）、希腊语词（根）分别是bear, fer-, phor. 由bher-这个词根经过漫长的演变在英语中扎根的词有许多，其中GRE词汇(俞敏洪编)就有37个。 bher-. 1. To carry; also to bear children. 37 Germanic bear (CET4), forbear (DEE) (TEM8) (endure), forbearance, forebear (DEE) (TEM4), bore 3 (wave, billow), barrow (TEM8)(basket, wheelbarrow), burden (CET4) (MEE) (DEE) (TEM4), burdensome (TEM4), birth (CET4) (DEE) (TEM4), birthday (CET4), birthrate (TEM4), bring (CET4) (TEM4), upbring (MEE+), inborn (MEE+) (TEM8), unbearable (DEE). 3 Latin ferre, to carry: -fer, fertile (CET4) (MEE) (DEE) (TEM4), fertility (DEE) (TEM4), fertilize (TEM4), fertilizer (CET4) (MEE) (TEM4), infertile (TEM4), infertility; afferent, aquifer, circumference (DEE), confer ★ (AWL4) (MEE) (DEE) (TEM8), conference (CET4) (TEM4), conifer, defer (TEM8), 1,2, deference (TEM8) (1050), deferential, deferrable, differ (CET4) (MEE) (DEE) (TEM4), difference (CET4) (TEM4), different (CET4), differential (DEE) (TEM4), differentiate ★ (AWL7) (MEE) (TEM8), efferent, indifferent (CET4) (MEE) (DEE) (TEM4) (1050), indifference (TEM4), infer (AWL7) (MEE) (DEE) (TEM4) (1050), inference (MEE) (DEE) (TEM4), interfere (CET4) (MEE) (DEE) (TEM4), interference (CET4) (DEE) (TEM4), odoriferous, offer (CET4), prefer (CET4) (DEE) (TEM4), preferable (CET4) (MEE) (DEE), preference (CET4) (MEE), proffer, proliferate ▲ (MEE+), proliferation (TEM8), prolific (TEM8), refer (CET4) (DEE), reference (CET4)