变压器内绝缘典型缺陷局部放电特性及产气规律分析-analysis of partial discharge characteristics and gas production law of typical defects in transformer internal insulation.docxVIP
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变压器内绝缘典型缺陷局部放电特性及产气规律分析-analysis of partial discharge characteristics and gas production law of typical defects in transformer internal insulation
摘要电力变压器是电力系统的关键设备之一,局部放电严重影响其安全可靠运行。 论文在实验室建立变压器局部放电模拟试验系统,通过对变压器内绝缘常见故障 和产气机理进行分析,选取三种典型缺陷局部放电模型作为主要研究对象,采用 升压法和恒压法两种实验方法,研究变压器内绝缘典型缺陷局部放电特性,着重 分析了油中溶解气体在局部放电发展过程中的变化规律,探索油中产生气体与局 部放电的对应关系。① 在实验室建立变压器局部放电模拟试验系统,根据变压器内绝缘中存在的 三种典型缺陷,设计制作油中固体绝缘内气隙放电、油中电晕放电及油纸绝缘沿 面放电三种局部放电模型,基于模型开展局部放电试验研究。② 三种放电模型从放电发展至绝缘击穿的过程中,最大幅值随着电压的上升 都是趋于增加的;而随着加压时间的增长,每种放电模型的最大幅值变化规律各 有特点。每种放电最大幅值的变化规律大致如下:气隙放电呈 U 型曲线;电晕放 电呈 L 型曲线;沿面放电近似于 V 型曲线。③ 采用升压法和恒压法,通过油中溶解气体含量、组分及产气率分析三类局部放电随电压和时间的变化特性。升压法中,不同电压等级下,不同类型放电的 气体含量有不同的变化趋势;恒压法中,随着加压时间的增长,不同放电类型的 气体含量发展趋势不同。通过大量实验数据的对比分析,利用这些差异可以对不 同类型的局部放电的进行识别。④ 在恒压法中,通过国家标准推荐的绝对产气速率来刻画不同类型放电产生 气体的差异性。对产气率拟合结果近似为:气隙放电呈 U 型曲线;电晕放电呈 L 型曲线;沿面放电呈 V 型曲线。结合局部放电基本特征量的分析,发现特征气体 产气速率跟局部放电最大放电幅值变化趋势相近,可以通过绝对产气率来反映局 部放电的发展情况。关键词:电力变压器,局部放电,基本特征量,油中溶解气体,变化特性ABSTRACTPower transformer is one of the crucial equipment of power system , partial discharge would affected seriously transformer safe operation. This paper establishes a simulation experiment system of transformer partial discharge in the laboratory, through analyzing the common fault characteristics of transformer internal insulation and gas production mechanism, selects three kinds of typical defect models as the main research objects, makes use of boost and constant pressure methods to research the typical defect partial discharge characteristic of the transformer internal insulation, emphases on the analyses of the variable law of the dissolved gases in oil during the development process of the partial discharge, and explores the correspondence between the gas produced in oil and the partial discharge.① The paper establishes a simulation experiment system of power transformerpartial discharge in the laboratory. According to the three kinds typical defect model existed in the internal insulation of power transformer, this paper designs three kinds partial discharge models, that is air-gap discharge of solid insulate in oil, corona discharge in oil, and oil-paper insulation surface discharge model, carried out p
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