分子生物学-9-真核生物基因转录调控.pptVIP

yeast-2-hybrid 5 7 yeast-2-hybrid ARFs Contain a C-Terminal Dimerization Domain AD …Gal4 sites… Activation Gal4D-Q ARF Activator ARF Repressor Gal4 DBD Gal4D-SP …Gal4 sites… Repression AD AD AD RD RD RD * Regulation of transcription in eukaryotes 真核生物基因的转录调控 未受精卵细胞 . A differentiated cell contains all the genetic instructions necessary to direct the formation of a complete organism/分化的细胞中含有形成一个完整个体的信息; . Gene expression is differential regulated/基因表达受到不同调控; . Different cell types synthesize different sets of proteins/不同的细胞含有蛋白可能不同. 上皮细胞 减数分离纺锤体 电击融合供体细胞及去核卵细胞 重构的受精卵 养母 Gene expression is differential regulated Differences in mRNA expression patterns among different types of human cancer cells 人类不同癌症细胞的mRNA 表达模式 前列腺 血癌 肾 Differences in the proteins expressed by two human tissues 两个不同人体组织中表达的蛋白比对 双向电泳（等电聚焦电泳+SDS PAGE） Six steps at which eukaryotic gene expression can be controlled 转录调控 RNA加工调控 RNA转运及定位调控 翻译调控 mRNA降解调控 蛋白质活性调控 Eukaryotic transcription factors Examples of transcriptional regulation Transcription Factors in Arabidopsis Transcription factor families: ~50 Functions of Transcription Factors Control signal transduction Hormone signaling Light signaling Stress signaling …… Regulate plant growth and development Domains in Transcription factors Functions DNA-binding domain (DBD)/DNA结合区域 Activation domain (AD)/激活区域 Repressor domain (RD)/抑制区域 Dimerization domain/二聚化区域/蛋白互作区域 Ligand-binding domain/配体结合区域 … Positions N-terminal domain (NTD)/N端区域 C-terminal domain (CTD)/C端区域 Middle region (MR)/中间区域 1-65 148-196 768-881 851-881 65-94 DNA-binding Activation Activation Dimerization GAL80-binding Yeast transcription factor GAL4 Yeast two-hybrid (Y2H) system 酵母双杂交体系 Transcription factor domains structure DNA-binding domains The DNA-binding helix-turn-helix motif Red, recognition helix, fits into the major groove of DNA; Blue, helps to position the recognition helix. Homeodomain movie available 识别螺旋 大沟 螺旋-拐角-螺旋结构域 One type of zinc finger protein Schematic drawing