120例流行性乙型脑炎流行病学及临床特征分析.docVIP

120例流行性乙型脑炎流行病学及临床特征分析 　　【摘要】 目的：分析南充地区流行性乙型脑炎的流行病学及临床特征，为有效预防和治疗疾病提供理论依据。方法：收集2010-2013年在川北医学院附属医院住院治疗的120例流行性乙型脑炎患儿的临床资料，对其流行病学及临床特征进行回顾性分析。结果：120例流行性乙型脑炎患儿发病年龄主要集中在1～8岁，所有患儿均来自农村。发病时间为7-9月，7、8、9月发病分别为26例（21.67%）、85例（70.83%）、9例（7.50%）。轻型13例，占10.83%；普通型78例，占65.00%；重型24例，占20.00%；极重型5例，占4.17%。临床表现发热120例（100%），头痛101例（84.17%），呕吐109例（90.83%），抽搐105例（87.50%），意识障碍102例（85.00%），呼吸衰竭19例（15.83%），循环衰竭10例（8.33%）。血清乙型脑炎特异性IgM抗体阳性率为62.50%。85.83%的患儿住院期间发生并发症，以支气管肺炎最常见。出院时好转110例，好转率91.67%，6例患儿死亡，死亡率5.00%。结论：南充地区流行性乙型脑炎常见于8月，均来自农村地区，大多数无疫苗接种史，以普通型为主。临床表现主要有发热、头痛、呕吐、抽搐及意识障碍，大多数患者预后良好。 　　【关键词】 乙型脑炎； 流行病学； 临床特征 　　中图分类号 R512.32 文献标识码 B 文章编号 1674-6805（2014）14-0118-02 　　Epidemiology and Clinical Characteristics of 120 Cases of Japanese Encephalitis/DUAN Xiao-yan，ZHU Qi-rong，HUANG Bo，et al.//Chinese and Foreign Medical Research，2014，12（14）：118-119 　　【Abstract】 Objective：To analyze the epidemiology and clinical characteristics of Japanese encephalitis in Nanchong area.To provide a theoretical basis for effective prevention and treatment of cases.Method：120 cases of Japanese encephalitis were enrolled from 2010 to 2013 in the Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College.Retrospective method was used to analyze epidemiology，clinical characteristics.Result：Of the 120 cases Japanese encephalitis mainly concentrated in the age of 1-8 years old.All of the patients were from the countryside.The attacking time was between July and September，and 26 cases were in July，85 cases were in August，9 cases were in September.13 cases（10.83%） were light，78 cases（65.00%） were mild，24 cases（20.00%） were moderate and 5 cases（4.17%） were severe.The main clinical manifestation included fever（100%），headache（84.17%），vomiting（90.83%），convulsion（87.50%），consciousness disorders（85.00%）， respiratory failure（15.83%），circulatory failure（8.33%）.Positive rate of Japanese encephalitis Virus-IgM in serum was 62.50%.The 85.83% of the cases accompanied with different levels complications when they were in hospital.110 c