中国文化鉴赏Unit-2.pptxVIP

Unit 2 Laozi’s Philosophy of Non-actionContentLead-inText studyExercisesLead-in“The Dao that can be trodden is not the enduring and unchanging Dao. The name that can be named is not the enduring and unchanging name. (Conceived of as) having no name, it is the Originator of heaven and earth; (conceived of as) having a name, it is the Mother of all things.”What’s the Chinese version of these lines? 道可道 非常道 名可名 非常名 无名天地之始有名万物之母Text studyIntroductionNaturalness and Non-actionThe Philosophy of Non-contentionReturning to Newborn StateIntroductionLaoziLaozi (about 571-471 BC), also called Laodan（老聃）, surname Li, given name Ran（冉） and alias Boyang（伯阳）. He was a recluse (隐居者) who lived during the Spring and Autumn Period.He was said to have once held a low civil position in the royal court, in charge of archival records of the Zhou Dynasty. IntroductionLaozi was a man of great learning. Even Confucius was said to have traveled miles to consult him. (孔子曾前往周都洛阳，问道于老子。老子张开嘴巴让孔子看，问道：“我的牙齿还在吗？”孔子如实回答：“不在了。”老子又问：“我的舌头还在吗？”孔子告诉老子：“还在。”老子意味深长地告诫孔子：“坚硬者死之徒，柔弱者生之徒。牙齿是坚硬的，所以它老早就掉了；舌头是柔软的，所以它至今还存在。”)Confucius consulting Laozi about li IntroductionAdditional InfoWhy is Li Ran known as Laozi rather than Lizi?There are two explanations as to the source of “Laozi”. Some say during the period when Li Ran was alive, Lao and Li were pronounced in the same way. So “Laozi” actually sounded the same as “Lizi” at that time. The second legend is that Li Ran was born with white eyebrow and white beard like an old man. Thus he was called “Laozi”.Listening practice: introduction to LaoziHis name was _______”Li Er” and he worked as an archivist （案卷保管人）at the _______ of a monarch from the ruling of the Zhou _______. But he became _______ known by the name of ‘Lao-tzu’, which means something like ‘old master’.Lao-tzu (604-531 B.C.) was mainly a ______ and he wrote Dao De Jing. Lao-tzu believed that it was better to adapt oneself spontaneously (自发地) to the _________ of life than to force, to worry, or to