论文-玉米科学.doc

转基因玉米SW12-859的抗螟性及农艺性状评价康领生1 姜志磊1 刘洋1 王玉民1* 徐惠风2*(1.吉林省农业科学院， 长春130033；2.吉林农业大学农学院，长春 130118）摘要：SW12-859为吉林省农业科学院农业生物技术研究所培育的转基因玉米杂交组合，全株表达Cry1F基因杀虫蛋白。本研究以其为材料，与其遗传背景相似的郑单958为非转基因对照，在玉米心叶期（6-8叶期）和穗期（13-16叶期），进行田间人工接玉米螟初孵幼虫，调查了其抗螟性、农艺性状及对产量损失的影响。结果表明：在玉米心叶期和穗期，转基因玉米SW12-859对一、二代玉米螟表现为高抗，郑单958表现为感，二者受玉米螟危害程度（抗螟性）差异显著。转基因玉米SW12-859和郑单958的株高、穗位等农艺性状相近。在接虫条件下，转基因玉米产量显著高于非转基因玉米，可见，转基因玉米产业化前景广阔。关键词：Cry1F基因；亚洲玉米螟；抗螟育种Evaluation of Resistance to corn borer and agronomic traits of transgenic corn SW12-859Astract Transgenic corn hybrid SW12-859, which can express Cry1F protein in the whole plant, was bred by Agro-Biotechnology research institute of Jilin Academy of Agricultural Sciences. In this study, SW12-859, as well as Zhengdan 958, which has similar genetic background to SW12-859, were inoculated with corn borer larvae at 6-8 leaf stage and 13 to 16 leaf stage. The resistance to corn borer, agronomic traits and yield loss were evaluated. The results showed that the resistance to corn borer of transgenic hybrid was significantly different to that of control. The transgenic corn hybrid SW12-859 was highly resistant to corn borer at both stages, while Zhengdan 958 was highly susceptible to corn borer. The agronomic traits (eg. plant height, ear heights, etc) of SW12-859 and Zhengdan 958 were similar. The yield of transgenic corn was significantly higher than that of non-transgenic corn afer inoculation with corn borer larvae. Therefore, the prospect of genetic modified corn is bright.Keywords: Cry1F gene; Asian corn borer; Resistance breeding玉米是重要的粮食作物和饲料作物，也是现代食品工业、医药工业和化学工业的重要原料。在我国，玉米的种植面积已超过水稻和小麦，成为种植面积最大的粮食作物[1] 。吉林省处于黄金玉米带，是国家商品粮基地，玉米生产对粮食安全起决定作用。然而，亚洲玉米螟是为害春玉米最重要的害虫，幼虫为害玉米的叶片、雄穗、茎杆、雌穗等，破坏养分、水分的运送，影响玉米正常生长，以至引起折杆、倒伏、坠穗等，严重影响产量。据统计，玉米螟轻发生年可造成减产5%以下，一般发生年可造成减产7-10%，重发生年可造成减产20-30%，甚至更多，对玉米生产造成了巨大的经济损失[2-4] 。多年来，传统喷施杀虫剂、释放赤眼蜂等方法对玉米螟防治取得了一定的效果。但化学农药对环境污染，害虫易产生抗药性；释放赤眼蜂受气候影响等弊端不断出现，实际生产中应用受限制，防治效果不都理想[5]。常规育种因抗性种质资源匮乏而难以解决抗虫品种选育。这些问题随着转基因技术的发展，尤其是转Cry1F基因玉米出现，以其抗