同位语从句与宾从.docVIP

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PAGE PAGE 8同位语从句定义:在 HYPERLINK /view/137894.htm \t _blank 复合句中用作同位语的从句叫同位语从句。它一般跟在某些名词后面,用以说明该名词表示的具体内容。如: I heard the news that our team had won.我听到了我们队获胜的消息。 I had no idea that you were here.我不知道你在这里。 二、可以跟同位语从句的名词通常有news,idea,fact,promise,question,doubt,thought,hope,message,suggestion,words(消息),possibility等。如: I’ve come from Mr wang with a message that he won’t be able to see you this afternoon.我从王先生那里来,他让我告诉你他今天下午不能来看你了。 三、英语中引导同位语从句的词通有连词that,whether,连接副词how, when, where等。(注:if, which不能引导同位语从句。)如: l have no idea When he will be back.我不知道他什么时候回来。 He must answer the question whether he agrees to if or not. 他必须回答他是否同意这样一个问题。 四、有时同位语从句可以不紧跟在说明的 HYPERLINK /view/26580.htm \t _blank 名词后面,而被别的词隔开。如: Several years later,word came that Napoleon himself was coming to inspect them. 几年以后,有消息传来说拿破仑要亲自视察他们。 The thought came to him that maybe the enemy had fled the city. 他突然想起可能敌人已经逃出城了。五.理解同位语从句的含义,把握同位语从句的实质在主从复合句中作同位语的从句称为同位语从句。同位语从句一般用that, whether,what, which, who, when, where, why, how 等词引导,常放在fact, news, idea, truth, hope, problem, information, wish,promise, answer, evidence, report, explanation, suggestion, conclusion等抽象名词后面,说明该名词的具体内容。换言之,同位语从句和所修饰的名词在内容上为同一关系,对其内容作进一步说明。例:The news that they had won the game soon spread over the whole school.他们比赛获胜的消息很快传遍了整个学校。析:they had won the game说明The news的全部内容,因此该句为同位语从句。六、正确运用同位语从句的引导词,准确把握同位语从句1.如同位语从句意义完整,应用that引导同位语从句。(即that 不充当任何成分,只起连接作用,不可省略)  例:The general gave the order that the soldiers should cross the river at once.将军下达了战士们立即过河的命令。  析:the soldiers should cross the river at once是the order的全部内容,且意义完整,因此应用that引导同位语从句。2.如同位语从句意义不完整,需增加是否的含义,应用whether引导同位语从句。(if不能引导同位语从句)  例:Well discuss the problem whether the sports meeting will be held on time.我们将讨论运动会是否会如期举行的问题。  析:the sports meeting will be held on time意义不完整,应加是否的含义才能表达the problem的全部内容,因此应用whether引导同位语从句。3.如同位语从句意义不完整,需增加什么时候、什么地点、什么方式等含义,应用when, where, how等词引导同位语从句。  例1:I have no idea when he will be back.  析:he will be back意义不完整,应加什么时候的含义才能表达idea的全部内容

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