义务教育11.名词性从句.pptVIP

名词性从句 在句子中起名词作用的句子叫名词性从句.分为:主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。 名词从句的功能 功能相当于名词词组, 它在复合句中能担任主语、宾语、表语、同位语、介词宾语等，因此根据它在句中不同的语法功能，名词从句又可分为四类 引导名词性从句的连接词 可分为三类：1.连接代词that,whether,if 不充当从句的任何成分） 　  引导名词性从句的连接词 2.连接代词：what, whatever, who, whoever, whom,whose, which.不仅起到连接一个句子的作用，同时也是从句的一个组成部分。 　 3.连接副词：when, where, how, why 　 引导名词从句不可省略的连词： 介词后的连词 He always pays attention to whatever the teachers say. 2.引导主语从句和同位语从句的连词不可省略。 同位语从句 在一个更长的句子中作同位语使用的句子叫同位语从句。 同位语与其前的词或短语表达的是同一事物。如： The fact that she is ill should be considered. 同位语从句一般在下列词的后面 belief, fact, fear, hope, idea, news, problem, reason, result, possibility等。如： I have no idea when he will return. 不同连词引导的同位语从句 引导同位语从句的连词除that外，还可以用how, when, where, why, 等。 He can’t answer the question how he got the money. （注：if,which 不能引导同位语从句。） 不同连词引导的同位语从句 I should like to know the reason why you changed the plan. I have no idea when she will be back. He must answer the question whether he agrees to it or not. 　他必须回答他是否同意这样一个问题。 主语从句 在另外一个句子中做主语的句子叫主语从句。How the book will sell depends on its author. That he is the best student in the class is obvious 主语从句常用it作形式主语放句首 因而我们常见到这种句式： It+be+n./adj/-ed从句（that, whether,etc.) 例：Its a pity that you should have to leave. It is great that I have a teacher like you. 用it作形式主语有以下几种类型 It + be + 名词+ that从句 It is a pity that--- It is an honor that--- It is common knowledge that--- It is good news that--- It is a shame that--- It is no wonder--- It is a question that--- It is a fact that--- It + be+形容词+that从句 It is terrible that--- It is strange that--- It is fortunate that--- It is unlikely that--- It is possible that--- It is obvious that--- It is likely/probable that--- It is best that--- It is clear/evident that--- It is natural that--- 另外，注意以it作形容词的主语从句与强调句型的区别： It be + adj. /n. + that-clause 与强调句型均有It be... that... 之类的语言标志，但不同的是： (1) 前者中的 that从句是主语从句，若删掉其中的 It be和 that。则剩余部分不论结构还是语义都不可能成为一个句子；但若It be 和that去掉，则剩余部分不论结构还是语义都仍能构成一个完整句子。 (2) 强调句型译为