Unit3Invntorsand inventions知识讲解 过去分词复习1.docVIP

过去分词复习1（作定、表、补）编稿：牛新阁 审稿：王春霞概念引入 过去分词，即动词的-ed形式，三大非谓语动词之一，是我们高二开始时学习过的语法项目，而在现在高二即将结束时，我们将在本单元和下一单元再次近距离接触过去分词，对其用法、与其它非谓语动词的区别等等做一小结。 先看下面句子： 1. ... but there only seemed to be powers designed to kill snakes. 2. I placed the frozen bowl over the snakes’ habitat and the ice-cubes on top of the bowl to keep it cool. 3. The criteria are so strict that it is difficult to get new ideas accepted unless they are truly novel. 4. He seemed disappointed by the failure of his patent. 5. I was embarrassed to see our team beaten by a weaker team.这些句子中斜体词部分都是过去分词，句1和句2中的过去分词作定语，句1是后置定语，句2是前置定语。句3的accepted是get的宾语补足语；句4、句5是过去分词作表语。本单元我们将复习过去分词作定语、表语和宾语补足语，而过去分词作状语将在下一单元复习。用法讲解过去分词的构成1. 规则动词1）一般在动词原形后加-ed develop → developed collect → collected2）以-e结尾的动词加-d move → moved phone → phoned excite → excited3）以辅音字母加y结尾的动词，变y为i，再加-ed。 study → studied carry → carried marry → married 4）以元音字母加y结尾的动词，直接加-ed play → played enjoy → enjoyed5）末尾只有一个辅音字母的重读闭音节动词，双写该辅音字母，再加-ed stop → stopped plan → planned6）以-r音节结尾的动词，双写r字母，再加-ed refer → referred prefer → preferred2. 不规则动词需要单独记忆不规则动词过去式、过去分词表。如：blow→ blown fly→ flown forbid→ forbidden freeze→ frozen rebuild→ rebuilt strike→ struck/ stricken sweep→ swept wind→ wound withdraw→ withdrawn过去分词是高考必考的语法项目，对过去分词正确拼写的熟悉和理解对阅读理解和完形填空的充分理解也是很重要的，更不用提在书面表达中正确使用过去分词会对作文增色不少。所以，记清楚不规则动词的过去分词是非常必要和重要的。过去分词的特点1. 过去分词具有动词的性质，可有自己的状语和逻辑主语，某些接双宾语的及物动词还可能有宾语；而在作用上相当于一个形容词或副词，作非谓语时在句中可以作定语、表语、宾语补足语及状语。 He is quite pleased with the design of the dress. 他很喜欢那礼服的式样。 Mrs. Green showed me some books borrowed from the library. 　格林先生给我看一些从图书馆借来的书。2. 过去分词表示被动和完成的动作，但有时也表示模糊的时间概念，而不及物动词的过去分词只表示完成。 Who were the so-called guests invited to your party last night? （表示“完成和被动”）　昨晚被邀请的所谓的客人是谁呀？ The old man went into the room, supported by his wife. （表示 “被动”，无“完成”意味）那个老人在他的妻子的搀扶下走进了房间。They are cleaning the fallen leaves in the yard. （表示“完成”，无“