Unit8_机械英语_装载机.docVIP

PAGE PAGE 1Unit 8 Loaders装载机8.1 Overview概述8.1.1 Basic Concept .基本概念A loader is a type of HYPERLINK /wiki/Engineering_vehicle \o Engineering vehicle construction equipment (engineering vehicle) machinery that is primarily used to load material into another type of machinery (dump truck, conveyor belt, rail-car, etc.).Loaders are used mainly for uploading materials into HYPERLINK /wiki/Truck \o Truck trucks, laying pipe, clearing rubble, and digging. A loader is not the most efficient machine for digging as it cannot dig very deep below the level of its wheels, like a backhoe can. Their deep HYPERLINK /wiki/Bucket \o Bucket bucket can usually store about 3-6 cubic meters of earth. The front loaders bucket capacity is much bigger than a bucket capacity of a backhoe loader. Loaders are not classified as earthmoving machinery, as their primary purpose is other than earthmoving.装载机是一种主要用于向另一种机械（自卸车、输送皮带、铁路运输车辆等）“装载”物料的建设机械（工程车辆）设备。装载机主要用于向卡车装载物料，以及铺设管道、清理碎石和挖土等工作。作为挖土作业装载机不是最有效的机械，与挖掘机不同，装载机不适用于轮胎支承面以下较深处的挖掘作业。装载机的深底铲斗一般可装载3～6立方米的土壤。铲斗前置装载机的斗容量远大于挖掘装载机的斗容量。装载机不属于铲土运输机械，因其主要用途并非土方运输。Unlike most HYPERLINK /wiki/Bulldozer \o Bulldozer bulldozers, most loaders are HYPERLINK /wiki/Wheel \o Wheel wheeled and not HYPERLINK /wiki/Caterpillar_track \o Caterpillar track tracked, although HYPERLINK /wiki/Track_loader \o Track loader track loaders are common. They are successful where sharp edged materials in construction debris would damage rubber wheels, or where the ground is soft and muddy. Wheels provide better mobility and speed and do not damage HYPERLINK /wiki/Pavement_(material) \o Pavement (material) paved HYPERLINK /wiki/Road \o Road roads as much as tracks, but provide less traction.尽管履带式装载机是普遍的，但与大多数推土机不同，大多数装载机是轮式的而并非履带式。履带式装载机适用于棱角锐利的建筑材料会破坏橡胶轮胎的场合，或者在松软泥泞道路上的作业。轮式装载机具有良好的机动性和较高的工作速度，并且不像履带那样破坏铺装路面，但其所能提供的牵引力较小。Unlike standard tractors fitted with a front bucket, many large loaders do not use automotive steering mechanisms. Instead, they steer by a hydrauli