Unit1Alad of diversity知识讲解 复习名词性从句作主、宾、表.docVIP

复习名词性从句作主、宾、表编稿：牛新阁 审稿：王春霞概念引入 名词性从句包括主语从句、表语从句、宾语从句和同位语从句，其功能相当于名词。综观近几年的高考英语试题，名词性从句是必考项之一。在本单元中，我们将对名词性从句的考点一一剖析。 先看下面句子： 1. That is why today over 40% of Californians speak Spanish as a first or second language. 2. It is believed that before long the mix of nationalities will be so great that there will be no distinct major racial or cultural groups, but simply a mixture of many races and cultures. 3. Scientists believe that these settlers crossed the Bering Strait in the Arctic to America by means of a land bridge which existed in prehistoric times. 4. The fact that they arrived a long time before Europeans is what matters.这些句子中斜体词部分都是名词性从句，句1是why引导的表语从句；句2是that引导的后置的主语从句；句3是that引导的宾语从句，而句4是that引导的同位语从句，而is后是what引导的表语从句。本单元我们将复习名词性从句中的主语从句、宾语从句和表语从句，而同位语从句的用法将在下一单元复习。用法讲解考点综述：语序从近几年高考题来看，对名词性从句的考查最重要的两点是：1. 语序 2. 连接词的选择。名词性从句的语序：陈述句语序。 无论名词性从句的引导词是什么，成为从句前是一般疑问句还是特殊疑问句，其语序都是陈述句语序。注意连接词一般放在从句句首。如： The problem is what he has done to the little boy. 问题是他对这个小男孩做了什么。 Whether it will do us harm or good remains to be seen. 这事对我们有好处还是有坏处还尚待分晓。高考题例：When changing lanes, a driver should use his turning signal to let other drivers know _________.A. he is entering which lane B. which lane he is enteringC. is he entering which lane D. which lane is he entering解析：答案为B。引导词应在从句句首，排除A、C；宾语从句用陈述句语序，排除D。考点综述：连接词的选择1这是名词性从句必考的内容，亦是一个难点。解题的关键是弄清连接词在从句中的句法功能及连接词之间的异同，而连接词的选择要依句子结构及上下文的语境来决定。1. that that在从句不作成分，没有实际意思，在宾语从句中有时可省略，而主语、表语、同位语三个从句中一般不省略。We must never think (that) we are good in everything while others are good in nothing. 我们决不能认为自己什么都好，别人什么都不好。That they are good at English is known to us all. 他们擅长英语这一点我们都知道。 2. if, whether 在从句中不作成分，意思是“是否”，不可省略。注意whether... or ... 意为“是否......还......”。I am not sure whether/ if he still works here. 我不确定他是否仍然在这里工作。if与whether的区别：whether和if在宾语从句中可以互换，但下列情况常用whether不用if：① 位于句子开头时② 引导表语从句和同位语从句时③ 引导动词discuss和介词后的宾语从句时④ 其后紧跟or not时 ⑤ 后接动词不定式时⑥ 用if引导会引起歧义时Whether the m