GreatScintists重难点详解.docVIP

人教版新课标模块5 Unit 1 Great Scientists重难点详解一、重点单词用法精解1. characteristic n. 特征，特性The chief characteristic of human being is that they can think. 人类主要的特征是他们会思考。2. expose vt. 暴露，揭发，曝光（摄影）Don’t expose the baby to the burning sun. 切勿将小孩曝晒。注：expose sb/sth to…中的to为介词。3. defeat vt. n. 击败；战胜；The army defeated the enemy in the end. 军队最终战胜了敌军。Tom suffered the defeat in the English examination. 汤姆英语考试失败了。辨析：win的宾语是game, prize等物（不是人）；beat和defeat的宾语是人；hit“打一下”； beat“（连续地）打”；strike “重击”。4. cure vt. n. 治愈，治疗法There is no known cure for AIDS. 还无治疗艾滋病之法。It is possible to cure the sickness. 治愈这种疾病还是可能的。辨析：cure“治愈”，强调结果；treat“治疗”，强调动作过程；说cure sb of sth. 但说treat sb for sth.5. blame vt. 责备，归咎The teacher blamed me for my being late for school again. 老师因我又迟到批评了我。注：blame sb for sth=blame sth on sb.6. backward adj. adv. 向后We turn backward(s) then rightward(s). 我们向后转然后向右转。搭配：a backward turn 向后转7. conclude vt. vi. 结束，总结The teacher concluded the class by one sentence. 老师以一句话总结了这节课。二、重要词组句型例析1.in addition 此外In addition, the speaker gave us more information about the topic. 另外，这个演讲者就主题给了我一些信息。注：in addition to(=besides)是短语介词，后接名词、代词和动名词。I visited many places in addition to the Great Wall. 我参观了许多地方，除了长城以外。2. apart from除……以外(except for)；除……外，还有(besides)Apart from being short, Tom is smart. 除了个子矮了点，Tom还是挺帅气的。Apart from the cost, it will take a lot of time. 除了花费钱以外，它还需要不少时间。3. be strict with sb. 对某人严格Father is always strict with his sons. 父亲对子女经常要求严格。比较：be strict in sth. 对某事物要求严格Teachers are strict in students’ homework. 老师对学生的作业要求严格。4. lead to 导致，通向（to为介词）Hard work leads to success. 努力通向成功。All roads lead to Rome. 条条道路通罗马。 5．link…to… 将……和……连接起来Can you link the clues to the criminals? 你能把线索和罪犯联系起来吗？6. keep sb /sth +doing /done /adj. 让某人或事物做……I’m sorry to have kept you waiting so long. 对不起，让你久等了。You must keep your jewels locked up. 你得把珠宝饰物锁好。Keep the classroom clean. 要保持教室清洁。(adj.作宾补) 注：用doing强调与sb/sth是主动关系且与谓语动词是同时或一直进行的；用done强调与sb/sth是被动关系且业已完成；用adj.强调sb/sth的状态。三、课文长句难句剖析1. In addition, he found two oth