定语从句解剖及详解的资料.pptVIP

1. 何为定语从句？ 定语从句—Attributive Clause 定语可以由形容词，代词，数词，名词，介词短语等来担任。如果一个句子担任定语，这个句子就叫定语从句。 定语从句可以修饰名词或代词，还能修饰整个句子。 如1.The man who (that)came first is John. 修饰名词man 2. The handkerchief which (that)you gave me wasn’t clean. 修饰名词handkerchief 3..My father does morning exercise every day,which is good for his health. 修饰整个句子 2.定语从句的构成 定语从句所修饰的词叫作先行词，而引导定语从句的词叫关系词（关系代词和关系副词）。关系词一般紧跟在先行词之后引导定语从句。 如：There was a young man who liked paintings. 句中， who为关系代词，定语从句who liked paintings修饰先行词a young man 。 再如：This is the house where I lived last year. 句中， where为关系副词，定语从句where I lived last year修饰先行词the house。 3.关系词以及注意点 关系代词有which,that,who(m),whose; 关系副词有when,where,why 注意：关系词既代替前面的先行词在从句中担任一定的成分，又把两个句子连接起来，构成一个带有定语从句的主从复合句。 例如：两个简单句 Thank you for the record.+You gave me the record. 主从复合句 Thank you for the record which(that) you gave me. Thank you for the record which(that)you gave me the record.(F) Thank you for the record which(that)you gave it to me.(F) 说明：关系代词which /that代替前面的先行词the record,已经在从句中担任宾语，所以再在从句中加the record或it就重复了。 4.关 系 词 如 何 用？ 关系代词 当关系代词在从句中作 主语时，指人用关系代词who，that;指物用which,that. 如：The man who /that sat beside me was excited. The car which /that is over there is my favorite. 当关系代词在从句中作宾语时，指人用关系代词 whom/that/who( 非正式）,指物用关系代词which/that,口语中可以省略。 如： The doctor whom/that/ she visited is famous. The blouse which/that/ she tried on was small. 当关系代词在从句中作定语，表示所有关系时，用whose(既指人也指物） 如： I live in a house whose door faces west. I know a woman whose daughter died. 4.关 系 词 如 何 用？ 注意：在下列情况下，无论关系代词在定语从句中是作主语还是宾语，指人还是指物，都用 that 1. 先行词带有最高级形容词，或有only,all 等词修饰时； 如：This is the best film that I have ever seen. You are the only person that can help me. 2. 先行词为all ,something,anything 等不定代词时； 如：You can take anything that you like. All that I have is given by my parents. 3. 先行词既指人又指物时； 如： Do you know the people