新课标高考英语虚拟语气总结.pptVIP

虚拟语气The Subjunctive Mood 英语动词有三种语气：陈述语气，祈使语气，虚拟语气。 一 陈述语气 用来陈述一个事实，或提出一个看法。有肯定，否定，疑问或感叹等形式。 例如: Shall I turn on the radio? How disappointed Tom was ! What lovely flowers those are! 二 祈使语气 用来表示说话人的请求，命令或劝告等。动词要用原形，其否定式在动词前加do not. Let me have a try. Don’t be late again. Don’t say it in Chinese. Say it in English. Let’s go and play basketball. 三 虚拟语气 表示说话人所说的话不是事实，而是一种与事实相反的假设，愿望，猜测或建议等等。 三 虚拟语气 （一）在条件句中的用法 1 与现在事实相反 例如: If I had time now, we should read it again. If she knew about it, she would come. If he were here, everything would be all right. 2 与过去事实相反 例如: If he had seen you yesterday, he would have asked you about it. If I had had the money last year, I would have bought a car. If they had known her address, they would have written to her. 3 与将来事实相反 例如: If it were Sunday tomorrow, I would go to see my friends there. 补充1.Without (没有),but for(要不是), otherwise(否则), 这些词可以表示某种假设情况,从而省略条件句. I was busy last week ,otherwise I would have come to see you . = I was busy last week ,if I had not been busy last week, I would have come to see you 补充2.错综时间条件句 主句谓语动词所表示的动作和条件从句谓语动词所表示的动作并不是同时发生,这时动词的形式并不完全按照上述表格形式进行,而需要按照各自的时间来调整,这样的句子就叫错综时间条件句. 例如1: If you had followed the doctor’s advice (then), you would be all right now. 如果你那时听了医生的话,你现在就好了. (主句与从句发生的时间不同,应按照主句与从句各自的时间做调整.) If you had followed the doctor’s advice, you would have been all right then. 如果你那时听了医生的话,你那时就好了. (主句与从句发生的时间同时.) 例如2: If you had watered them more ,the crops would be growing still better. 如果你再给庄稼多浇些水,他们会长得更好.(指现在长得更好.) If you had watered them more, the crops would have grown still better. (表示对过去的虚拟) 如果你早就给庄稼多浇些水,他们就会长得更好 例如3 如果到现在我还没有写完作文,我明天就还得写它. (从句表示与过去事实相反,主句表示与将来事实相反.) If I hadn’t finished my composition by now, I would be working on it tomorrow. 如果他昨天把功课都准备好的话,他现在就不会这么困难. If he had prepared well for his lessons yesterday, he wouldn’t have so many difficulties now. 补充三:倒装形式表示虚拟条件句 从句中有were ,had ,should或would等词语,可以将if省略,同时were ,had ,should或would提至句首,构成倒装.表示虚拟条件 (1) If I shoul