分词与动词搭配关系.pptVIP

第21讲 -ING 分词 21.1 –ing 分词与动词的搭配关系 1. 能带-ing分词而不能带不定式的动词： 英语中有一些动词能带-ing分词而不能带不定式结构作宾语。这类动词常见的有：admit, acknowledge, anticipate, advocate, appreciate, avoid, can’t help, can’t resist, can’t stand, consider, contemplate, defer, delay, deny, detest, dislike, don’t mind, ensure, enjoy, escape, excuse, evade, facilitate, fancy, favour, finish, give up, imagine, include, keep on, mine, miss, pardon, postpone, practise, put off, resent, report, risk, stop, suggest 等。 2. 动词+宾语+介词+-ing分词： 有一些动词不能直接带-ing分词，而必须在动词之后加宾语再加介词，这才能带-ing分词。常见的介词是into和from。 Eg. Don’t let his friendly words mislead you into trusting him. I shamed him into returning the stolen money. We must prevent the trouble form spreading. I must stop you form destroying yourself. 21.2 既能直接带不定式又能直接带-ing分词的动词。 1. 能带不定式和-ing分词而意义无甚区别的动词。 A. 在begin, can’t bear, cease, continue, dread, like, love, neglect, omit, prefer, propose, start 等动词之后，表示一般的形为，用-ing分词居多；表示特定的或具体的动作，则用不定式较多。 B.在need, want, require, deserve 等动词之后，可用-ing分词的主动形式表示被动意义，这相当于用不定式的被动态。 C. 在begin, start 之后虽然既能跟不定式也能跟-ing分词，但若跟的是静态动词，便只能用不定式。 2. 能带不定式和-ing分词而意义不同的动词。 A. 在remember, forget 之后，用-ing分词表示动作发生在前，用不定式表示动作发生在后。 B. 在stop, leave off, go on 等动词之后，通常用-ing分词结构作宾语；若用不定式结构，便不是宾语而是目的状语，相当于in order that。 C. 在try，mean, can’t help 等动词之后，用-ing分词结构还是用不定式结构，取决于这些动词本身的不同含义。 D. 在agree, decide 等动词之后，可直接带不定式，但若带-ing分词，则须在-ing分词之前添加介词。 E. 在encourage, permit, allow, recommend, advise, authorise 等动词之后，一般用-ing分词结构作宾语。但亦可用带有自己逻辑主语的不定式结构。 Eg. Can’t you remember telling me the story last night? =You told me the story last night. Can’t you remember it? I regret to tell you that John stole it. =I am sorry to tell you ... Eg. They stopped watching TV at 9.30. =At 9.30 they did not watch TV any more. He left off writing the book. =He stopped writing the book. He left off to write the book. =He left some place in order to write the book. Eg. Your plan would mean spending hours. I didn’t mean to make you angry. If you want to improve the taste, try adding some sugar. Philip tri