第3章：咀嚼肌（双语）.pptVIP

第三章 咀嚼肌The muscles of mastication Occlusion Occlusion in dentistry The way that the upper and lower teeth come together. 牙齿的集合? 口颌系统：功能整体 Works well as a whole 咀嚼肌 The muscles of mastication Five paired muscles of mastication 狭义——颞肌、咬肌、翼内肌、 翼外肌 广义—— 舌骨上肌群 颞肌Temporalis muscle, TM The temporalis is one of three muscles that close the jaw and clench the teeth. It‘s origin is from the periosteum of? the temporal fossa 小窝 .? 咬肌Masseter Muscles, MM Both the outside and inside of the zygomatic 颊骨 process of the maxilla and the zygomatic arch.? A broad part of the lower jaw, along the lateral surface of the coronoid process, the ramus 分支 and the angle of the mandible.? 翼内肌Medial Pterygoid muscles，MP The medial pterygoid muscle arises from the medial (inside) surfaces of the lateral pterygoid plate， which is attached to the undersurface of the temporal 颞bone.? 翼 外 肌 lateral pterygoid muscle ，LP Drawing the jaw forward when both the right and left muscles are equally active.? Responsible for moving the lower jaw from side to side when the right or left lateral pterygoid is active separately.? 舌骨上肌群 舌骨上肌群Digastric Muscle Responsible for opening the lower jaw (in combination with the coordinated contraction of the lateral pterygoid muscles).? It is actually composed of two muscles connected in the middle by a strong tendon.? 下颌姿势位 Mandibular Postural Position, MPP 相互协同和拮抗，精细配合，各种功能顺利进行。 平衡才能保持头部直立，保持下颌姿势位。 牙尖交错位 (ICP) 咀嚼运动咬合期的合接触是以ICP为中心的动态变化过程 Occlusal contact during bite movement is a dynamic process centering on ICP 下颌最重要的功能位，维持下颌的稳定、颞下颌关节的受力以及神经肌肉的功能。 TM 颞肌 MM 咬肌 MP 翼内肌 LP 翼 外 肌 DM 舌骨上肌群 MPP 下颌姿势位 ICP 牙尖交错位 大力水手 vs TMD 第一节 咀嚼肌的功能特点 Features of masticatory muscles 咀嚼肌纤维构成与分布 咀嚼肌运动单位的特性 咀嚼肌的收缩特性 咀嚼肌的生物力学 神经反射与咀嚼肌收缩 咀嚼肌纤维构成与分布 咀嚼肌运动单位的特性 运动单位是由一个运动神经元及其所支配的一定数量的肌纤维所构成。 A single motor neuron may innervate 神经支配 more than one fiber. A motor neuron plus all of the muscle fibers that it innervates comprise a motor unit. 一个运动单元所支配