超级杂交稻主要产量性状的配合力及遗传力分析-湖南农业大学学报.DOCVIP

两系超级杂交稻主要农艺性状的配合力遗传分析 陈小龙,3邓启云1,2,3*吴丹1刘英1吴俊2,3庄文2,33，李莺歌3 1 湖南农业大学，湖南 长沙 410128；2 湖南杂交水稻研究中心，湖南 长沙 410125；3 杂交水稻国家重点实验室，湖南 长沙 410125摘要：为了解主要性状配合力及遗传力特点，服务于杂交水稻超高产育种采用NCII遗传交配设计，以生产上广泛应用的超级杂交稻骨干亲本Y58S、培矮64S等4个不育系，与远恢2号、9311等8个恢复系材料配制32个组合F1考查株高、有效穗数等10个主要性状，分析配合力、遗传力。结果表明：①供试材料各组合产量性状的一般配合力和特殊配合力方差达到显著或极显著水平，除空秕粒、结实率、单株产量外，其它7个性状的一般配合力方差贡献率大于特殊配合力方差贡献率，说明基因加性效应比非加性效应对杂种的贡献更重要。②杂种F1株高、秆长、穗长、空秕粒、结实率、单株产量受不育系影响大，有效穗数、每穗总粒数、每穗实粒数、千粒重受恢复系影响。表明超级杂交稻产量的提高，关键在于亲本的改良，不育系强调、提高库/源比，恢复系重视增源扩库。③不育系Y58S、广占63S和恢复系远恢2号、R0293一般配合力高，选育组合；杂交组合广占63S/远恢2号，广占63S /明恢63，Y58S/9311，P88S/R0293，培矮64S/Q460（SCA10）单株产量特殊配合力效应值高，具有培育成强优势组合的潜力。④各产量性状的狭义遗传力为：穗长千粒重穗实粒数株高秆长每穗总粒数结实率空秕粒有效穗数单株产量。穗长、千粒重、穗实粒数、株高为高遗传力性状，是实现杂交稻超高产潜力的重要支撑点。 关键词：超级杂交稻；不育系；恢复系；产量性状；一般配合力；特殊配合力；遗传力 Analysis o Combining Ability and Heritability of Major Agronomic Traits in Two-line Super Hybrid Rice CHEN Xiao-long1,3, DENG Qi-yun1,2,3*, WU Dan1, Liu Ying1, Wu Jun2,3, Zhuang Wen2,3,Li Cheng3, Li Ying-ge3 1 Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha Hunan410128; 2 Hunan Hybrid Rice Research Center, Changsha, Hunan410125; 3 State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, Changsha Hunan410125 Abstract: 4 different photo-thermo-sensitive sterile lines (i.e. Y58S, etc.) and 8 restorers (i.e. 9311, etc.) were utilized by the method of incomplete diallel cross(NCII) to make 32 crosses, which used to observe and evaluate 10 agronomic traits such as PH, PP in F1 hybrid, in order to analyze on combining ability and heritability. Results as below: ①The GCA (General Combining Ability) and SCA (Specific Combining Ability) variances are significantly different in major agronomic traits at 0.05 and 0.01 levels, respectively. In addition to GCA variance of NEP, SSR, YP, with other 7 traits contributes more than that of SCA in F1 hybrids, which showed that the additive effect is more important than the non-additive effect for hybrids yield potential. ②The PH, SL,PL,NEP,SSR,YP of hybrid F1 are major influenced by female lines, while PP,NGP,FGP,GW are mainly affe