人畜共患病毒性疾病ppt课件.ppt

致病性 Transmitted by culex mosquitoes（库蚊）. Since Culex has a flight range of 20km, all local control measures will fail The virus is maintained in nature in a transmission cycle involving mosquitoes, birds and pigs Viruses are preserved in the body and egg of mosquitoes, therefore, mosquitoes are the long-term reservoir（蚊是储存宿主） Aedes mosquito feeding 人被带毒的蚊虫叮咬后，绝大多数表现为隐性感染或仅轻微症状。只有少数发生脑炎。 病毒侵入人体，经两次病毒血症后，播散到全身，10天左右潜伏期，出现发热、寒战及全身症状。0.1%的患者病毒越过血脑屏障进入脑组织，造成脑实质炎症和脑膜病变，临床表现为突然高热、头痛、呕吐、惊厥、昏迷等脑膜刺激症状和脑炎症状。死亡率高达10%—30% 部分患者恢复后留下精神障碍、运动障碍等后遗症 Pathogenicity and Immunity Virus reticular endothelial system Viremia Liver or Spleen Viremia CNS encephalitis Immunity: Long Laboratory Diagnosis Serology Virus isolation RT-PCR * 考评项目赋标准分，对照考评内容和考评办法对考评项目进行考评，评出各考评项目的考评实际得分，考评类目下各考评项目考评实际得分之和为该考评类目的考评实际得分 * Flavivirus Xiao-Kui GUO Dept. of Microbiology and Parasitology 人畜共患病毒性疾病Viral Zoonosis 人畜共患病 脊椎动物（vertebrate animals）所患疾病能通过昆虫媒介直接或间接传递给人类 如果有昆虫参与，这个疾病也称为虫媒疾病（arboviral） 如狂犬病、肾综合症出血热、流行性乙型脑炎和埃博拉出血热 虫媒病毒（Arthropod-borne viruses，arboviruses）是通过节肢动物（ arthropod vectors）传播的病毒 The WHO definition is as follows Viruses ?maintained ?in nature principally, or to an important extent, through biological transmission between susceptible vertebrate ?hosts by haematophagus arthropods or through ?transovarian and possibly venereal transmission in arthropods 虫媒病毒种类 虫媒病毒分属3个病毒科： Togaviruses （披膜病毒科） EEE, WEE, and VEE Bunyaviruses （布尼亚病毒科） Haemorrhagic Fever Sandfly Fever, Rift Valley Fever, Crimean-Congo Flaviviruses （黄病毒科） Yellow Fever, dengue, Japanese Encephalitis 在我国流行并经病毒分离证实的虫媒病有6种 流行性乙型脑炎 森林脑炎 登革热 基孔贡亚热 肾综合征出血热 新疆出血热 Prevalence in China Scientist collecting specimens from trapped rodents Common characteristics 40~70 nm in diameter, +ssRNA spherical enveloped Hemophilic arthropods as vector, and viruses replicate in arthropod 5 type clinical manifesta