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禾本科十字花科虎耳草科忍冬科植物标本整理鉴定和归档 摘 要 河南师范大学生命科学学院植物标本馆中收藏的标本不仅种类多、数量大,而且还具有鲜明的地方和类群特色, 它不仅是河南省植物资源的基本资料和科研教学基础，也是与相关院校及科研院所联系的窗口，为此对植物标本馆的标本进行进一步鉴定,整理和归档。此次共整理出200余种植物标本，分别隶属于禾本科68属97种，十字花科16属29种，虎耳草科14属44种,忍冬科6属23种；《河南植物志》上没有记载但标本馆有的标本禾本科2种，虎耳草科9种，忍冬科2种。《河南植物志》上没有的但标本馆有的标本作为新物种补充，方便老师及同学的查阅。 关键词 标本整理 禾本科 十字花科 虎耳草科 忍冬科 科 属 The herbarium Gramineae Cruciferae Saxifragaceae Caprifoliaceae tidying identificating and archiving Abstract The specimen in museum of biological specime of Henan Normal University building not only have the many categories, big characteristics in quantity, but also still has bright and local features, It not only is a window for keeping in touch with other related colleges and scientific research institutes , but also is teaching based on scientific research and basic information to know plant resources of Henan province .This sorted out a total of more than 200 species of plant specimens, 68 were under the grass is 97 species（97 species belong to 68 genus of Gramineae） , 16 the case of Cruciferae 29, 14 are Saxifragaceae 44; the Flora of Henan, there is no reference to museum specimens to preserve the integrity of the 2 species of Gramineae, 9 species of Saxifragaceae and 2 species of Caprifoliaceae. What Flora of Henan, have not but museum of biological specime have are new species. The paper for scientific research and education to update and laid the foundation for data, and for digital herbarium and modern management to create the conditions for building. Key words specimens finishing Saxifrage Section Cruciferae Gramineae species 前 言 河南师范大学生物标本馆建筑面积为3160平方米1984年省政府拨专款筹建。藏有植物标本3600余种,18000多号Monocotyledoneae 1.1 禾本科[1] Gramineae 一年，越年或多年生草本，稀为灌木或乔木。根多为纤维状须根。茎埋藏于地下的部分称根状茎，生于地上部分称为秆。秆直立，倾斜，平卧，匍匐与地面，通常中空。叶单生于节处，成两行排列，分叶鞘和叶片两部分：叶鞘包秆，边缘有1条纵缝，稀封闭；叶片扁平，常为线形，披针形，卵形等，；在叶片与叶鞘交接处有少数收缩成柄，叶鞘顶端的内表皮向上延伸，形成不同形状的附属物称叶舌；有些叶片基部扩大呈耳状，称为叶耳。花序有许多小穗构成，小穗具柄或无柄，排列成穗形或圆锥形；小穗含一朵或多朵无柄的小花和一个延续或具节的小穗轴，基部有2片不含花的苞片称为颖，下部的为第1 颖，上部的为第