The Royal Disease FBISD Campuses血友病皇室病fbisd校区ppt课件.pptxVIP

Hemophilia: “ The Royal Disease”HemophiliaX-linked recessive disorder characterized by the inability to properly form blood clots.Until recently, hemophilia was untreatable, and only a few hemophiliacs survived to reproductive age because any small cut or internal hemorrhaging after even a minor bruise were fatal.Hemophilia affects males much more frequently (1 in 10,000) than females (1 in 100,000,000).Royal FamilyHemophilia has played an important role in Europe’s history, for it suddenly cropped up in the children of Great Britain’s Queen Victoria. It became known as the “Royal disease” because it spread to the royal families of Europe through Victoria’s descendants. Queen Victoria had always been worried about the quality of the blood of the British royal family.Hemophilia first appeared in Victoria’s family in her eighth child, Prince Leopold, Duke of Albany.LeopoldThroughout his short life, Leopold had suffered severe hemorrhages, and always was described as “very delicate.” Leading the life of a normal youngster was impossible for Leopold because any cut or bump could lead to death and it was necessary to keep him always under strict surveillance.However, in spite of all the protection, Prince Leopold died at the age of thirty-one as the result of a minor fall.First, let’s take a look at Queen Victoria’s son Leopold’s family. His daughter, Alice of Athlone, had one hemophilic son (Rupert) and two other children—a boy and a girl—whose status is unknown. a) What is the probability that her other son was hemophilic? b) What is the probabilitythat her daughter was a carrier? Hemophilic? c) What is the probability that both children werenormal?Royal FamilyFortunately, Leopold was the only one of Victoria’s sons who suffered from hemophilia.Her other three sons, Edward, Alfred, and Arthur, were unaffected. Since the present royal family of England descended from Edward VII, the first son, it is free from hemophilia.Royal FamilyLouise, Queen Victoria’s fourth daught