儿童视觉发育与学习能力ppt课件.ppt

儿童视觉发育与学习能力;*;*;*;儿童眼球发育与年龄对照表;;双眼视功能的发育特点;*;视觉刺激是人在接受外界信息的主要获取方式 正常的儿童视觉发育促进儿童神经心理发育，从而提高感知学习能力，视觉发育与儿童的感知学习能力存在正相关性 同年龄段的视力发育正常儿童在感知学习能力上也不尽相同，而视觉技巧的训练可提高感知学习能力;生命早期神经系统有着较大的可塑性，在适宜的教育环境刺激下，大脑微观结构和整个大脑的性能快速发育、特别是右脑 儿童0-6岁时右脑高度发展时期，也就是说，正是婴幼儿在不断地感知和运动，才刺激大脑相应区域的生长 右脑发展在4岁时达到高峰，6岁时开始减缓;0-6岁通过感官刺激促进神经心理发育至关重要 而在感官刺激方面，视觉所占的比重最大,75％--90％的知识是通过视觉获得 眼睛和脑部快速而流畅的变化使视觉发育正常。;视觉是可学习的;The camera 镜头 胶片（感光芯片） 芯片处理系统（计算机图像处理系统）;视觉是可以学习的;单眼立体视觉的形成是视觉学习的结果;视觉技巧;Tracking , or ocular motor dysfunctions, such as pursuit or saccadic eye movement deficits-- the fine eye movements required to accurately follow a line of print. Children with tracking problems will often lose their place when reading, skip or transpose words, and have difficulty comprehending because of their difficulty moving their eyes accurately. ? Because children with tracking problems cant control their eye movements at close ranges, this is how their eyes move when they read, especially as they fatigue: ;Focusing, or accommodation--the ability to see clearly.? At the close ranges required for reading, this is the visual skill needed to maintain clear sharp images for extended periods of time. It also includes the ability to quickly shift focus when looking from near to far, such as when looking from desk to board.? For children with accommodation problems, print will become progressively blurry as they read for longer periods of time, and their eyes will fatigue from the strain of trying to keep the print clear. Print on the page will often look like this:;脑视觉治疗=;双眼单视是视觉技巧的基础;双眼单视定义;双眼单视基础;双眼单视;双眼单视;双眼单视;双眼单视的关键要素;临床病例;;分析;临床需要;病例3;;分析;临床需要;病例;;分析;临床需要;病例介绍;;分析;临床需要;功能训练;功能训练;功能训练;功能训练;何时进行训练;调节问题;调节问题;调节问题;辐辏问题;辐辏问题;辐辏问题;辐辏问题;眼运动功能;眼运动功能;眼运动功能;