大肠结肠癌ppt课件.ppt

Colorectal Cancer;What is it ?;It is the third most frequently diagnosed cancer in men and women and the second highest cause of cancer deaths in the U.S. Yet, when found early, it is highly curable. This type of cancer occurs when abnormal cells grow in the lining of the large intestine (colon) or rectum. Learn more about who gets colorectal cancer, how it is detected, and what the latest treatments can accomplish.;How it starts ?;It often begin as polyps – benign growths on the surface of the colon. The two most common types of intestinal polyps are adenomas and hyperplasic polyps. They develop when there are errors in the way cells grow and repair the lining of the colon. Most polyps remain benign, but some have the potential to turn cancerous. Removing them early prevents colorectal cancer.;Risk Factors You Cant Control;genetics lifestyle. Age – most patients are older than 50 Polyps or inflammatory bowel disease Family history of colorectal cancer History of ovarian or breast cancer ;Risk Factors You Can Control;Diet high in red, processed, or heavily cooked meats Being overweight (excess fat around the waist) Exercising too little Smoking or drinking alcohol ;Its warning Signs;There are usually no early warning signs for colorectal cancer. For this reason its important to get screened. Detecting cancer early means its more curable. As the disease progresses, patients may notice blood in the stool, abdominal pain, a change in bowel habits (such as constipation or diarrhea), unexplained weight loss, or fatigue. By the time these symptoms appear, tumors tend to be larger and more difficult to treat. ;Screening ;Because colorectal cancer is stealthy, screenings are the key to early detection. Beginning at age 50, most people should have a colonoscopy every 10 years. This procedure uses a tiny camera to examine the entire colon and rectum. These tests not only find tumors early, but can actually prevent colorectal cancer by removing polyps (shown here).