汕头市儿童青少年肥胖和2型糖尿病:人群分析-obesity and type 2 diabetes among children and adolescents in shantou city population analysis.docx
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汕头市儿童青少年肥胖和2型糖尿病:人群分析-obesity and type 2 diabetes among children and adolescents in shantou city population analysis
Shantou
Shantou University Medical College (SUMC)
PAGE
PAGE IV
中文摘要
目的:
评估汕头市儿童青少年肥胖和 2 型糖尿病的患病情况以及调查其危险因素。
方法:
本研究为横断面研究,采用分层整群随机抽样方法抽取汕头市 3 所中小学学校共 5662
名学生作为调查对象。测量学生的身高和体重及计算其体质指数,以及检测 2 型糖尿病高 危人群的血糖、谷氨酸脱羧酶抗体、胰岛素分泌水平、血脂、血 ? 微球蛋白、血清胱抑素 C 等以及计算胰岛素抵抗指数。肥胖和 2 型糖尿病的诊断标准分别参照国际疾病预防控制 中心制定的 BMI 分级标准和世界卫生组织制定的糖尿病诊断标准。共有 972 名学生及其父 母参与肥胖及 2 型糖尿病危险因素调查的配对问卷研究。
结果:
汕头市儿童青少年总超重率和总肥胖率分别为 6.39%和 2.83%,其中男女超重率分别为 8.23%和 4.59%(Chi-Square test,P=0.000),男女肥胖患病率分别为 3.58%和 2.10%
(Chi-Square test,P=0.000)。儿童青少年超重率和肥胖率均在 10~12 岁年龄段达到峰值。 2 型糖尿病、空腹血糖受损、糖耐量减退病、代谢综合征的患病率均为 35.32/100 000,但 其不同性别间和不同年龄段间差异不显著。血糖紊乱组中其胰岛素抵抗水平较血糖正常组 的为高,但高血压、血脂紊乱、肾损害等并发症情况并没有组间差别。肥胖、2 型糖尿病 家族史、胰岛素抵抗及其表现(黑棘皮病变等)均为血糖紊乱的高危因素。而且肥胖和 2
型糖尿病的流行与家庭教育、饮食运动习惯、父母及学生的对肥胖和 2 型糖尿病的认识和 态度等因素有关。
结论:
在汕头市已发现有肥胖和 2 型糖尿病在儿童青少年群体中流行。儿童青少年 2 型糖尿
病的临床进展过程与成人 2 型糖尿病的进展过程相似,而且均为隐匿起病。提高父母肥胖
和 2 型糖尿病知识水平和建立良好有效的家庭教育,积极控制可逆的高危因素作用,才能
有效地减少或延缓肥胖和 2 型糖尿病的发生及发展,并提高儿童青少年生活质量。
关键词:儿童;青少年;肥胖;2 型糖尿病;流行。
英文摘要
Objectives:
To determine the prevalence and risk factors of obesity and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in children and adolescents in Shantou City.
Methods:
A population-based cross-sectional study was con-ducted in Shantou, 3 primary and middle schools were selected by a stratified cluster random sampling in Shantou, with a total of 5662 students aged 6 to 18 years. Weight and height were measured and the body mass index (BMI) was calculated in all the participants. In children and adolescents at high risk for T2DM, blood specimens were collected for fasting plasma glucose (FPG), 2-hour postload glucose (2hPG), fasting insulin (FINS), 2-hour postload insulin (2hINS), glutamic acid decarboxylase autoantibodies (GAD-Ab), serum beta-microglobulin (Serumβ-MG), serum cystatin C (CysC), cholesterol (CH), triglycerides (TG), low-density lipoprotein (LDL), high density lipoprotein (HDL) and the insulin resistance index (HOMA-IR) was calculated. The Obesity diagnostic standard was based on BMI criterion of Centers for Disease Control Preventi
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