在应用软件或系统内包含数据一组的档案或表称为数据库....doc

Database 數據庫 A set of files or tables containing data, relating to an application or a system.is called a database. Data are centrally stored in a single file or a set of files to keep data duplication to a minimum and reduced the storage space. Traditional databases are organized by fields, records, and files. 在應用軟件或系統內包含數據一組的檔案或表稱為數據庫。數庫會中央儲存於一個或多個檔案內使數據重覆的情況減至最低，節省儲存空間。傳統上數據庫是由欄，記錄及檔案組成。 Field 欄 A field is a single piece of information or individual data item in the file or table. In database management systems, column is another name for field. 欄是檔案或表內的個別資料或數據，在數據庫內Column 亦即是field。 Record記錄 A record is one complete set of fields, the gathering of all data in all the fields. 記錄是一完整的欄，包括各欄的數據而成。 File A file is a collection of records. 檔案是由多個記錄組成。 Table Table are all fields about an object collected together to form a table to store data. Data in the table are arranged in rows and columns. In relational database management systems, all information is stored in the form of tables. 表是將有關項目的欄組成去儲存數據，在表內的數據會以列和欄排列，在關係數據庫中，所有資料均以表方式去儲存。 Database Management System (DBMS) 數據庫管理系統 To access information from a database, you need a database management system (DBMS). This is a collection of programs that enables you to enter, organize, and select data in a database. 在數據庫中獲取資料，我們需要數據庫管理系統，數據庫管理系統包括一系列的程式容許你去輸入，組織，選擇數據。 Components of database management system 數據庫系統的組成部份, (i) Software Programs軟件程式 A database management system (DBMS) can be an extremely complex set of software programs. It serves the following functions: set up database structure controls the organisation, storage and retrieval of data (fields, records and files) in a database. process the stored data in a database controls the security and integrity of the database. accepts requests for data from the application program instructs the operating system to transfer the appropriate data. provides views of the data for different users provides an environment for program development. 數據庫管理系統可以是一些極為複雜的軟件程式