《无菌术》课件课件.ppt

Asepsis;Asepsis;History and Significance;Hippocrates (460-377 BC);Pasteur (1862) Discovered bacterium Developed Pasteurization process;;;1906;Steam Sterilization (1974);Early type of hot air sterilizer ;Advanced Sterilizer ;Basic principle of Surgery Basic principle of Medicine ;Definition;;;Storage time 2 Weeks Attention 40cm?30cm?30cm Arrangement 3M Indicate Tape Flammable Stuff Liquid ---degas ;;Only if autoclaving, dry heat, gas sterilization is NOT available (for metal, glass or rubber stuff) Minimum period is 20 min Period can be decreased to 10 min safely in addition of alkali Not effective against spore unless period 1 hour Drip in completely Time Calculation;For metal instrument Only in special situation 95% Ethanol Causing damage to the metal instrument ;2% Glutaraldehyde 30min 10% Formaldehyde 20-30min 70% Ethanol 30min 1：1000 Bromo Geramine 30min 1：1000 Chlorhexidinium 30min For delicate instrument, endoscope or laparoscope;Attention： Clean Before Soaking Drip in Completely Open Axes Wash by Saline before using;;Microwave;Infrared rays;Reservation Washing Infection of P.aeruginosa, Tetanus, Gas-gangrene and HBV positive Single-use Stuff Burnt out;Preparation for Dr. and Pt. ;Gown, shoes cover Head cover, face mask Shorten nail ;Washing hands forearms with soap Delivering antiseptics onto wet hands, and scrubbing 3-5 min Rinsing thoroughly, dry with a sterile towel;Iodophor Iodine Most efficient and broad-spectrum activity Rarely skin reaction Prolonged activity Not use on delicate skin Chlorhexidine (Hibitane) Sensitive areas (perineum, face, genitalia, around eyes, infants);Direction for Sterilization Center?Around Around?Center Distance for Sterilization 15cm Area for Sterilization; ---To separate contaminated  area from sterile field;Drape; ;Large enough (20*20 feet) With appropriate ventilation Remaining closed positive pressure;NOT touch any non-sterilized goo