（含口咽及下咽）4結腸直腸癌3肺癌2肝癌1癌症死亡原因順位男性卵巢ppt课件.pptVIP

生活家饮食保健孕期选择食用油的学问邢台市第四病院罕见护理应急预案猪气喘病综合防制技术动物营养系列理想蛋白与氨基酸模式的研究进展皮肤病的诊断包括病史体格检查和必要的实验室检查我国有关食物添加剂营养强化剂食物新资本的治理律例与标准 Chapter 2 Genetics and Cancer Figure 24.1 Estimated number of new cases and deaths from specific types of cancer in the United States in 1997. 2006年台灣十大死因 2006年台灣主要癌症死亡率 順位 癌症死亡原因 1 肝 癌 2 肺 癌 3 結腸直腸癌 4 口腔癌(含口咽及下咽) 5 胃 癌 6 食道癌 7 攝護腺癌 8 胰臟癌 9 非何杰金淋巴癌 10 鼻咽癌 男性 順位 癌症死亡原因 1 肺 癌 2 肝 癌 3 結腸直腸癌 4 女性乳癌 5 胃 癌 6 子宮頸癌 7 胰臟癌 8 非何杰金淋巴癌 9 膽囊癌 10 卵巢癌 女性 資料來源:行政院衛生署 2006年台灣地區主要癌症死亡原因 Benign tumor: Tumor cells do not invade the surrounding tissues. Malignant tumor: Cells detach from a tumor and invade the surrounding tissues, i.e. metastasis. Carcinogens: Agents such as radiation, mutagenic chemicals, and certain types of viruses can transform normal cells into cancerous cells. Figure 24.2 A schematic view of the START checkpoint in the mammalian cell cycle. Passage through the checkpoint depends on the activity of the cyclinD/CDK4 protein complex. CDK: cyclin-dependent kinase Checkpoint: A mechanism that halts progression through the cycle until a critical process such as DNA synthesis is completed, or until damaged DNA is repaired. In tumor cells, checkpoints in the cell cycle are typically deregulated. Mid-G1 phase Cancer is caused by genetic malfunctions The cancerous state is clonally inherited. The cancerous condition is transmitted from each cell to its daughters at the time of cell division. Certain types of viruses can induce the formation of tumors in experimental animal, indicating that viral genes are involved in the transformation process. Cancers can be induced by mutagenic agents that cause mutations of genes. Certain types of cancer tend to run in families, e.g. retinoblastoma and colon cancers. Certain type