英语定语从句简化.pptVIP

定语从句的简化 定语从句的简化方法 引 言 定语从句是中学英语的难点语法项目，许多同学在学习和运用定语从句时，感到很难理解。若将其简化，理解起来就比较简单了。为了使句子变得简洁，往往可以把从句简化为短语，这也是句型转换常考的重点之一。定语从句简化的方法常见的有以下几种： 定语从句转换成不定式短语。  定语从句中的谓语动词是将来时或含有情态动词时，往往可把从句转化为不定式短语，从句中的情态动词可以省略，不定式的逻辑主语也可省略，但介词+关系代词引导的限制性定语从句转换成不定式短语时，关系代词可省略，介词不可省。 例如： This is the best thing that we can do in memory of our beloved teacher. →This is the best thing to do in memory of our beloved teacher. The next train which will arrive is from Beijing. →The next train to arrive is from Beijing. He is a good person with whom you can work. →He is a good person to work with. Have you anything that you want to say at the meeting? →Have you anything to say at the meeting? There is something else that they can do. The T-shirt which his sister bought for him is very nice → There is something else for them to do. → The T-shirt bought for him is very nice ---Do you have anything else that you want to buy in the shop? → Do you have anything else to buy in the shop? 2.定语从句转换成分词短语。  如果定语从句中的谓语动词是主动语态，用现在分词短语来替换从句；如果定语从句中的谓语动词是被动语态，则用过去分词短语来替换从句。如： The man who is standing over there is my English teacher. →The man standing over there is my English teacher. Yesterday we had a meeting which lasted two hours. →Yesterday we had a meeting lasting two hours. The boy who stands against the door is his younger brother. →The boy standing against the door is his younger brother. The dictionary which my mother bought for me is very useful. →The dictionary bought for me by my mother is very useful. The books which were written by him are very popular. →The books written by him are very popular. The girl who is sitting under the tree is my best friend. The T-shirt which his sister bought for him is very nice. ---The T-shirt bought for him by his sister is very nice. ---The girl sitting under the tree is my best friend. 3.定语从句转换从形容词短语。  如果定语从句中的表语是形容词短语，可把从句中的关系代词和动词be省去，使其转化成形容词短语。 I have broken the gl