消力池内辅助消能工试验分析及数值模拟-experimental analysis and numerical simulation of auxiliary energy dissipaters in stilling basin.docxVIP

I I 消力池内辅助消能工试验研究及数值模拟 摘 要 消力池是底流消能中常见的一种消能工方式，因为低佛汝德数底流消能消能率通常较低，消力 池工程量往往较大，因此，通常需设置各种型式的辅助消能工。近年来，我国学者对辅助消能工水 力特性研究较多，并取得了一些研究成果。悬栅消能工是一种消能率较高的新型辅助消能工，但消 力池内依靠水跃和悬栅共同消能，使其不同于设置悬栅的泄水陡槽，且悬栅消能工和其它辅助消能 工联合运用情况，经查阅相关文献，未见报道。本文以新疆迪那河五一水库水工模型为例，拟采用 模型试验和数值模拟方法对悬栅消能工、梯形墩辅助消能工运用情况进行水力特性和消能研究。 通过五一水库工程导流兼排砂洞和溢洪洞消力池模型试验和数值模拟，最终确定了消力池内悬 栅消能工最优体型、最佳合理高度和间距。在校核流量（Q=773.18m3/s）下，以导流兼排砂洞消力 池最终方案（17 根悬栅）为例，利用流体力学计算软件 FLUENT，建立悬栅消力池三维数学模型。 结果表明水面高程﹑底板压强﹑断面平均流速数值模拟计算值与模型实测值吻合较好，验证了数值 模拟计算准确性。通过改变导流兼泄洪排砂洞消力池内悬栅体型、高度、间距等参数，设计 9 种悬 栅消能工数值模拟方案，最终确定消力池内悬栅消能工最优体型为矩形，最佳高度应使悬栅与消力 池尾坎同高，悬栅最佳间距应不小于一个漩涡的长度。将悬栅消能工最佳参数应用到溢洪洞消力池 中，首次将悬栅和梯形墩两种辅助消能工联合运用组成综合式消力池，解决在单独设置梯形墩情况 下，水流溢出池外，不能形成淹没水跃的问题。经数值模拟计算得到悬栅——梯形墩消力池内详细 流场，如池内流速分布﹑压强分布﹑池内水面线变化及典型断面水深等。悬栅——梯形墩消力池内 最大压强位置和负压区范围的确定，为辅助消能工结构计算和设置合理掺气减蚀措施提供参考，溢 洪洞悬栅——梯形墩消力池成功验证了悬栅消能工最佳参数的正确性、合理性。 关键词：悬栅；梯形墩；消力池；数值模拟；RNG k~ε 模型；VOF 方法 II II Experimental Study and Numerical Simulation of Auxiliary Energy Dissipater in Stilling Pool Abstract Stilling basin is one of the common energy dissipation forms in underflow energy dissipation. Because of froude number of underflow energy dissipation is low, the ratio of dissipation generally is low, stilling basin project quantities are large, therefore, all kinds of auxiliary energy dissipater are set up in the stilling basin. In recent years, the hydraulic characteristics of auxiliary energy dissipater are studied by Chinese scholars, and it has obtained some research results. suspension girder is a new type auxiliary energy dissipater, which has high dissipation rate, but the energy is dissipated by the hydraulic jump and suspension girder in stilling basin, it is different from seting suspension girder in sluicing chute, suspension girder energy dissipater and the other auxiliary energy dissipater joint application situation are not reported by consulting relevant literature. The article is taking Wuyi reservoir by Dina river in Xinjiang hydraulics model as an example, the physical model test and numerical simulat