蔗糖水解反应速率常数测定的改进与探讨.docVIP

PAGE 蔗糖水解反应速率常数测定的改进和探讨 摘　　要 本实验测定了盐酸溶液中氢离子的浓度与活度，研究表明，两者分别与盐酸催化蔗糖水解反应的速率常数k呈指数关系。根据拟合的结果计算出k值并与实验值比较，结果表明氢离子活度的拟合度较高。本文也对蔗糖水解反应实验数据的处理提出另一种方法，简化了实验过程,提高了实验结果的准确度。 关键词：蔗糖水解；氢离子浓度；氢离子活度；反应速率常数；数据处理的改进 Improvement and discussion on the determination of reaction rate constant of sucrose hydrolysis Abstract The hydrogen ion concentration and hydrogen ion activity of hydrochloric acid solution were determined. Studies have shown that they show index relationship with reaction rate constant k of sucrose hydrolysis reaction. The calculated k according to the fitting results were compared with the k obtained from the experiment. In this paper, a new method was proposed to process the experimental data of sucrose hydrolysis.The experimental processes were simplified and the accuracy of the experimental results was improved. Keywords: hydrolysis of sucrose;hydrogen ion concentration;hydrogen ion activity; reaction rate constant;improvement of data processing 目 录 TOC \o 1-3 \h \u HYPERLINK \l _Toc19740 1 文献综述 1 HYPERLINK \l _Toc9627 1.1 实验原理 1 HYPERLINK \l _Toc1434 1.1.1 盐酸催化蔗糖水解反应 1 HYPERLINK \l _Toc23189 1.1.2 反应物质的旋光性 2 HYPERLINK \l _Toc10350 1.1.3 对旋光法测定盐酸测定蔗糖反应速率常数数据处理的改进 3 HYPERLINK \l _Toc5493 1.2 课题研究意义 5 HYPERLINK \l _Toc21470 2 实验部分 5 HYPERLINK \l _Toc11416 2.1 仪器及药品 5 HYPERLINK \l _Toc14650 2.1.1 仪器 5 HYPERLINK \l _Toc5842 2.1.2 药品 5 HYPERLINK \l _Toc23491 2.2 实验步骤 5 HYPERLINK \l _Toc31534 2.2.1 盐酸溶液中氢离子浓度的测定 6 HYPERLINK \l _Toc31714 2.2.2 盐酸溶液中氢离子活度的测定 7 HYPERLINK \l _Toc8155 2.2.3 旋光法测定盐酸催化蔗糖水解反应速率常数 8 HYPERLINK \l _Toc14563 3 结果与讨论 10 HYPERLINK \l _Toc14690 3.1酸碱滴定法测定氢离子的浓度 10 HYPERLINK \l _Toc1495 3.2 不同温度下测定蔗糖水解的反应速率常数与氢离子浓度的关系 PAGEREF _Toc1495 10 HYPERLINK \l _Toc25742 3.2.1 30?C 恒温测定蔗糖水解的反应速率常数与氢离子浓度的关系. PAGEREF _Toc25742 10 HYPERLINK \l _Toc12882 3.2.2 22?C 恒温测定蔗糖水解的反应速率常数与氢离子浓度的关系 . PAGEREF _Toc12882 13 HYPERLINK \l _Toc10428 3.3 不同温度下蔗糖水解反应速率常数与氢离子活度的关系 16 HYPERLINK \l _Toc3597 3.3.1 30?C时盐酸催化蔗糖水解反应速率常数与氢离子活度的关系 16 HYPERLI