香菇中的化学成分及相关应用的基础分析-basic analysis of chemical constituents and related applications in lentinus edodes.docxVIP

the optimal condition in the bioactivity assays tested, and different drying methods should be choosed for different goals. Lastly, different extraction methods were compared on other nutritional constituents such as fatty acid, amino acid, polysaccharide and flavor compounds. The method of comprehensive extraction for fatty acid, amino acid and polysaccharide was investigated, in which the pretreatment of high pressure and enzymolysis were added, and the yields of three compounds were increased. The method on flavor extraction with the assistance of enzyme was studied. The results showed that the assistance of enzyme could increase the extraction rate of flavor compounds, the papain was helpful to the extraction of carbohydrate-containing compounds, and the cellulose and pectase were helpful to the extraction of of sulphur-containing compounds. In this study, 10 compounds were isolated and identified, the drying method and the extraction of effective compounds were comparatively investigated. The results would be beneficial for the structure-activity relationship and related food research on Lentinus edodes. KEY WORDS ： Lentinus edodes, chemical constituents, drying method, nutritional substance, extraction method 目 录 第一章 香菇的研究进展1 1.1 香菇的生态学研究1 1.2 香菇的主要化学成分1 1.2.1 多糖类和蛋白质类化合物1 1.2.2 甾体类化合物2 1.2.3 多酚类化合物4 1.2.4 脂肪酸类化合物4 1.2.5 核苷酸类化合物4 1.2.6 维生素和矿物质类化合物4 1.2.7 挥发性物质5 1.3 香菇的生物活性5 1.3.1 香菇的抗肿瘤活性5 1.3.2 香菇的抗氧化活性6 1.3.3 香菇的抗菌抗病毒活性6 1.3.4 香菇的保肝活性7 1.3.5 香菇的降胆固醇降血压活性7 1.3.6 香菇的抗诱变剂活性8 1.3.7 香菇的黄嘌呤氧化酶和酪氨酸酶抑制活性8 1.4 香菇活性物质的提取方式8 1.5 干燥过程中香菇成分变化9 1.6 课题的研究内容和意义10 第二章 香菇中脂溶性成分的分离与纯化 11 2.1 引言 11 2.2 实验材料、实验试剂和实验仪器 11 2.2.1 实验材料 11 2.2.2 实验试剂 11 2.2.3 实验仪器12 2.3 实验方法13 2.3.1 对比乙醇冷浸法和回流法对香菇提取物的影响13 不同方法提取香菇中脂溶性成分13 乙醇浸膏萃取13 总多酚含量测定13 DPPH 自由基清除测定 13 抗菌活性测定14 2.3.2 脂溶性成分提取14 2.3.3 石油醚层和乙酸乙酯层萃取物分离纯化15 2.3.4 香菇嘌呤的分离纯化17 传统方法分离纯化香菇嘌呤17 新方法分离纯化香菇嘌呤17 .1 对比不同提取方式的香菇嘌呤得率17 .2 对比不同树脂对香菇嘌呤的分离效果17 2.4 实验结果与讨论18 2.4.1 提取方法比较18 2.4.2 化合物鉴定19 化合物 1 的鉴定19 化合物 2 的鉴定20 化合物 3