基于推迟引力的地球固体潮公式.DOCVIP

PAGE PAGE 2 基于推迟引力的天体引潮力公式 汤克云 中国科学院地质与地球物理研究所 中国科学院国家天文台 摘要 迄今为止，在地球物理中广泛使用的固体潮理论的基础仍然是经典牛顿引力定律，且未考虑章动改正，误差较大，有待改进。我们认为，牛顿引力公式中的卡文迪许引力系数是在扭秤的大、小质量球相对静止的特殊情形下确定的，没有反映两质量球相对运动状态对引力系数的影响，更由于两质量球的距离很近，无法确定引力传播因子，无法研究引力的传播过程。为研究引力的传播，须另觅包含引力传播因子的引力理论。推迟引力正是这样的理论。本文从推迟引力公式出发，根据观测站的地理坐标（经、纬度及海拔）和天体（太阳或月亮）的天文真位置，直接确定了引力天体的天顶距角和观测点至天体的距离，导出了以光速传播的天体引潮力的精确解析公式。 根据此引潮力公式和观测数据，可以研究引力的传播。 关键词：引潮力 天顶角 推迟引力 天文程序 The Celestial tidal formula Based on the Retarded Gravitation Keyun Tang Institute of geology and geophysics, Chinese academy of sciences National astronomical observatory, Chinese academy of sciences Abstract So far, the basis of the earth tide theory in geophysics is still the classic Newtons law of gravitation, and did not consider nutation correction, need to be improved. In the Newtons gravitational law, we think, the Cavendish gravitational coefficient is measured by a static torsion balance, does not reflect the influence of relative motion on the gravitational coefficient, and because of the two mass balls are close, unable to determine the gravitational spreading factor, unable to study the propagation of gravity. For studying the spread of gravity, must find a new theory including gravitational spreading factor. Retarded gravitation is the theory. This article embarks from the retarded gravitation formula, according to the observatorys geographic coordinates (longitude, latitude and altitude) and the astronomical true position of the objects (the sun or moon), determines the gravity of zenith angle and the distance between observatory and object directly, and derives analytical formula of the gravitational tide. According to this new formula and observation data, we can study the propagation of gravity. Key words: tidal force, zenith angle, retarded gravitation, astronomical program 引言 三百多年前，天才的牛顿发现了万有引力定律，首次解决了困惑人们一千多年的行星轨道问题；又定性解释了海洋潮汐问题。近一百多年来，随着重力仪精度的提高，对地球固体潮作直接的精确测量成为现实。迄今为止，在地球物理中广泛使用的固体潮理论的基础仍然是经典牛顿引力定律。 经典牛顿引力定律认为，在观测点受到的天体（太阳或月亮）引力（场）与太阳的质量成正比，与观测