溶洞正演模拟.docVIP

塔河负向构造塌陷体正演模拟技术研究 何成江1，张慧涛2 （1中石化西北油田分公司勘探开发研究院，乌鲁木齐 830011； 2 中石化西北油田分公司勘探开发研究院，乌鲁木齐 830011；） 摘要：塔河油田的外扩评价揭示了负向构造区也存在油气富集区，对于潜力巨大的负向构造区塌陷体，缝洞成像与识别难度大，根据垮塌岩溶储层的空间分布建立负向构造地质模型，并利用全波场交错网格差分算法开展正演模拟研究，结果表明，负向构造区岩溶塌陷具有表层“下凹”，内幕串珠状、小“短轴”特征，与围岩特征具有明显差异，与实际塌陷地震剖面吻合度较高，其次叠前深度偏移处理成果能够更加准确地对溶洞塌陷形成的强反射进行归位，可较为准确地成像地下岩溶系统，正演成果可指导负向构造区塌陷体的识别，对进一步开展岩溶塌陷体识别与刻画技术研究，改善油田开发效果具有重要的指导意义。 关键词：塔河油田；负向构造区；塌陷体；全波场交错网格差分算法；正演模拟； Abstract: Tahe oilfield outside enlarge evaluation reveals the negative structural zone also exist in oil and gas enrichment region，For the huge potential of negative structure area collapse body, Seam hole imaging and identification is difficult, According to the collapse of karst reservoir spatial distribution of negative structural geology model is established, Using full wave field forward modeling study the staggered-mesh finite difference algorithm，The results show that the negative structural zone in karst collapse with surface sink, insider beaded, small short axis characteristics, And the characteristics of surrounding rock has obvious difference, With the actual collapse seismic profile alignment is higher, Secondly prestack depth migration processing results can more accurately to cave collapse to form the strong reflection of place, Can be more accurate imaging of the underground karst system, Forward modeling results can guide the negative structural zone of the subsidence body recognition, For further research on karst collapse body identification and characterization techniques, To improve the oilfield development effect has important guiding significance. Key words: tahe oilfield; Negative tectonic zone; The collapse body; Full wave field the staggered-mesh finite difference algorithm; Forward modeling; 引 言 塔河油田奥陶系碳酸盐岩缝洞型油藏发育于塔里木盆地沙雅隆起阿克库勒凸起的西南部，储集空间主要为溶蚀孔洞、大型洞穴和溶蚀裂缝，其中洞穴和孔洞的储集性能最好，各类岩溶储集体的空间展布具极强的非均质性，具有储集体空间形态极不规则；储集体发育规模大小差异悬殊；缝洞体预测识别难度大的特点。[1-4] 在塔河油田的开发过程中，基于“古潜山”岩溶圈闭概念，准确识别“残丘”大型隆起有利特征，实现了碳酸盐岩阿克库勒凸起轴部的高效开发，随着开发对象向岩溶沟谷、洼地等负向构造区扩展，油田单井产能逐年降低