工程传热学双语 四川四川大学ChApTer 22.12.2.pdfVIP

Chapter 2 Heat Transfer by Conduction Conduction Three mechanisms of Convection heat transfer Radiation Chapter 2 Heat Transfer by Conduction Collision of molecules. Motion is on a molecular level. Conduction Temperature difference Matter should be contacted directly. Occurred in solid, liquid, and perties of matter Combined with macroscopic flow. Temperature difference Convection Energy carried by the fluid is convected to another space. Occurred in fluid( liquid and gas).combined with fluid dynamics. Molecular vibrations give rise to electromagnetic radiation. Temperature difference Radiation Radiation transmits energy through space, including through a vacuum. Without matter conctaction. Steady Conductive Heat Transfer Requirement • qualitative analysis—elementary conception, Fourier’s Law • quantitative analysis —temperature field， calculation of heat flow Characteristics • without macroscopic motion. • depends on the micro-particles’ (molecular, atom, electron) random thermal motion. • intrinsic characteristic of the material. Several elementary conception Temperature field, isothermal level ,isothermal line, temperature gradient , heat flux, heat flux density (1) Temperature field ： T f ( x, y, z, t) Tridimentional nonsteady T f ( x, y, z, t) Tridimentional steady T f ( x, y, z) Two dimentional steady T f ( x, y) One dimentional stead