不同贮藏醇化条件对微带青初烤烟叶品质影响.docVIP

不同贮藏醇化条件对微带青初烤烟叶品质的影响 　　摘要：为探索恩施中、高海拔区域微带青初烤烟叶的最佳贮藏醇化条件，改善烟叶质量，开展了标准醇化室醇化与烟农传统堆积醇化（CK）两种不同贮藏醇化条件对烟堆温湿度、烟叶外观质量、烟叶常规化学成分及烟叶经济增值率的影响试验。结果表明，标准醇化室醇化与烟农传统堆积醇化两者均能提高烟叶的外观质量与内在质量，但前者醇化效果优于后者。外观质量改善主要体现在醇化后烟叶成熟度增加，色度增强，疏松度得到改善；内在质量体现在烟碱、总氮含量降低。试验时间段范围内初烤烟叶以下杆自然回潮后在标准醇化室醇化30 d效果最佳，中、高海拔综合表现为C3V转化为柠檬黄（C3L）和橘黄色（C3F）的转化率为55.45%、增值率为30.50%，B2V转化为橘黄色（B2F）的转化率为43.73%、增值率为37.72%。醇化过程中，标准醇化室醇化烟堆内温湿度均略高于对照（CK），更有利于烟叶的醇化。 　　关键词：微带青初烤烟叶；贮藏醇化；转化率；增值率 　　中图分类号：S572 文献标识码：A 文章编号：0439-8114（2017）19-3689-06 　　DOI：10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2017.19.023 　　Abstract： To explore the optimal storage and aging conditions for greenish flue-cured tobacco leaves and improve tobacco quality in middle and high altitude of Enshi， two kinds of storage and aging conditions were setted between the standard aging chamber alcoholization and traditional accumulative alcoholization， to study the effects on temperature and humidity parameters inside stacked-tobacco， the external quality and chemical composition， and economic increment rate of tobacco. The results showed that both of them could improve the internal or external quality of tobacco， but the former was better than the latter. The maturity， looseness and chroma of tobacco were improved， and the contents of nicotine， and total nitrogen were reduced. The aging time of 30 days worked best after curing， and the conversion rate and increment rate of C3V into C3L and C3F got 55.45%， 30.50% separately in middle and higher altitude on average， while the rates of B2V into B2F got 43.73%， 37.72% respectively. Temperature and humidity parameters inside stacked-tobacco of standard aging chamber were slightly higher than that of CK and more conducive to alcoholization in the process of alcoholization. 　　Key words： greenish flue-cured tobacco； storage and aging； conversion rate； increment rate 　　初烤烟叶采收时由于成熟度不够、烘烤过程中变黄程度不够和定色过快的原因，导致微带青烟叶偏多，同时未采取有效的后熟自然醇化措施影响了烟叶的外观和内在质量[1，2]。再者由于烟农保管条件的限制，导致部分烟叶容易发生霉变，且存放过程中不能进行有效后熟转化，降低了烟叶的可用性，影响了烟农与烟草企业的经济效益。前人的研究表明，储藏醇化