灵芝多糖研究进展.doc

PAGE PAGE 6 灵芝多糖的研究进展 摘要：灵芝多糖(GLP)是灵芝中的一种重要活性成分，具有很大的开发利用价值，近年来以其独特的保健功能成为研究的热点。灵芝的菌种筛选，发酵培养基组成和特点，发酵工艺和条件控制，以及灵芝多糖的提取、精制和纯化方法等，各个生产工艺对其含量和活性影响很大。已有实验证实，灵芝多糖的生物保健功能体现在降血糖、降血脂、抗肿瘤、抗衰老、抗氧化、调节免疫以及活血化瘀等多方面。本文综述了目前在灵芝菌种筛选、发酵培养、提取分离纯化和医疗保健方面的研究情况,并对灵芝多糖的发展利用前景做了展望。 关键词：灵芝多糖；发酵；提取；纯化 Studies on Polysaccharides from Ganoderma lucidum Liu Lili (Major of processing and storage of aquatic products , Class 3,Grade 2011) Instructor Professor Wu Hongmian (Institute of Food Science and Technology, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang ,Guangdong,) Abstract: Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharides (GLP) is one of the important active ingredient of ganoderma lucidum with a great development and utilization value, in recent years, with its unique health care function, it has became the research focus. The strains filtration of ganoderma lucidum ,compositions and characteristics of fermentation, the processes and conditions control of fermentation, as well as the extraction, refinement and purification methods of the polysaccharides of ganoderma lucidum and so on, each process of production has a great influence of content and activity of GLP. Form the proof of the experiment, ganoderma lucidum polysaccharides’ health care function embodies in lowering blood sugar ,cholesterol-lowering,anticancer, anti-aging, antioxidant ,regulate immune and remove blood stasis and other aspects. This paper is reviewing in the strains filtration of ganoderma lucidum ,fermentation and cultivation ,extraction, separation and purification and medical care, and the development prospect use of ganoderma lucidum polysaccharides. Key words: GLP；fermentation；abstract；purify 前言：灵芝属于担子菌纲，多孔菌科，灵芝属大型真菌，自古就有“仙草”、“瑞草”之称[1]。灵芝营养丰富，药用价值很高，是一种药、食兼用真菌。灵芝作为我国传统名贵中药材, 其主要的生理活性物质为灵芝多糖[2]。根据来源不同，灵芝多糖可分为3 种，即子实体多糖、液体发酵产生的菌丝体多糖（胞内多糖）和发酵液多糖（胞外多糖），胞内多糖和胞外多糖都是其有效多糖[3]。近年来, 有许多关于从灵芝子实体或菌丝体中分离出活性多糖的研究。现代科学研究证明其具有广泛的药理作用[4]。如灵芝多糖在免疫系统的调节上，通过增强宿主免疫调节功能达到抗肿瘤作用、抗病毒作用；通过提高氧化酶活性清除体内自由基而达到抗衰老的作用，另外还在降血脂、降血糖等方面有着极其重要的医学作用。本文综述了近年来国内外对灵芝