从三元关系解析语言学与哲学相互影响.docVIP

从“三元关系”解析语言学与哲学的相互影响 　　提 要:关于语言学与哲学的关系众说纷纭。本文从宏观层面(语言学作为一门研究语言的经验科学与作为探索世界和人类认识的本质的哲学的关系)和微观层面(语言学与认识论、分析哲学传统下的语言哲学存在特殊关系)指出,它们之间不是孕育和衍生的关系,而是互相影响、促进和渗透的,并且两者关系的特殊性还应在对语言、心智和实在三者关系(简称三元关系)的假定中得到解释。本文得到三点启示:(1)语言理论的建构应该基于特定的认识论或以建立新的认识论为旨趣;(2)今后对语言学理论的批判和建构可以从对三元关系的假定入手,审察现有理论的不足和适用范围,从而为建立更加合理、更有解释力的语言学理论奠定基础;(3)除了需要哲学素养,语言学家更需要在经验科学证据的基础上构建语言科学理论,而不只是进行形而上学式的玄想。 　　关键词:语言学; 哲学;三元关系 　　中图分类号:B089 文献标识码:A 文章编号:1000-0100(2010)04-0008-6 　　 　　Explanation of the Interaction between Linguistics and Philosophy 　　within the Framework of LMR-Relation 　　Zhou Pin 　　(Shanghai International Studies Universtiy, Shanghai 200083, China) 　　The current “thrive of linguistic philosophy” within the circle of foreign language studies and the advocation of absorbing nutrition from (linguistic) philosophy or blending with it results in this paper’s inquiry into the relationship between linguistics and philosophy. Assuming them as two different disciplines in general and as meaning theories and epistemology in particular, it is concluded that rather than in breeding or deriving relation, linguistics and philosophy are interactional,interdependent and mutually incentive. Moreover, their relatively closer tie can only be explained within the framework of the relation among language, mind and reality (LMR-relation). Three implications are therefore drawn: (1) Construction of linguistic theories should be founded on certain epistemological theories or aimed at it. (2) Criticism or formulation of linguistic theories can start from their varied assumptions about LMR-relation to find out their deficiency or limitations so as to construct more rational or powerfully explanatory theories. (3) We need not only be aware of some philosophical knowledge but also be equipped with the empirical scientific knowledge for establishing linguistic theories on empirical evidence rather than merely on metaphysical speculation. 　　Key words: linguistics; philosophy; LMR-relation 　　 　　1 引言:问题的缘起