大学英语语法第2讲-非谓语动词教学教材.ppt

第二讲 非谓语动词 （非限定动词）;A. 动名词的特点：兼具名词和动词的特征。 1. 动名词的动词特征：动名词可以有宾语，可以用状语修饰 （1）带宾语 a. He avoided giving us an answer. 动名词giving后有双宾语。 b. The doctor advised taking exercise. 动名词taking后有宾语exercise. （2）用状语修饰 a. I enjoy working with you. with you 是状语，修饰动名词working b. She doesn’t allow smoking in her house. in her house 是状语，修饰动名词smoking;2. 动名词的名词特征即其语法功能：在句中充当主语、表语、宾语、定语、状语和补语。 （1）作主语 a. Smoking may cause cancer. b. Hunting for a job is not easy for those who have just graduated. c. It’s nice talking to you. It 是形式主语，真正的主语是动名词短语talking to you d. It’s a waste of time arguing about it. ; （2）作表语 a. The real problem is getting to know the needs of the customers. b. His greatest interest in life is traveling. （3）作宾语 a. Would you mind not using your mobile phone in the meeting room? b. Your shoes need polishing(擦一擦). c. Are you interesting in going to the show(演出)？ d. I’m proud of having a friend like you. ;【考试重点】 以下动词只能用动名词作宾语 admit 承认 appreciate 赞赏，感激 finish 完成 avoid 避免，避开 imagine 想象 miss 错过 practice 练习 delay 耽搁 mind 介意 consider 考虑 postpone 推迟 enjoy 享受 risk 冒风险 suggest 建议 Suggest doing 虚拟：that （should） do;【考试重点】 下列惯用语中，应使用动名词 1）can’t help doing = can’t but do 禁不住 2）There is / It is no use (good) doing 没有用 3）be worth doing 值得 4）be busy doing 忙于 5）feel like doing 想 6）What （How） about doing ？…如何？ 7）spend time （in）doing 花时间做某事 8） difficulty（困难） have a trouble （in） doing problem good （hard）time;非谓语动词——动名词;非谓语动词——动名词;非谓语动词——动名词;非谓语动词——动名词;二、不定式 不定式是一种非谓语动词???由不定式符号to加动词原形构成，多与某些动词、名词、形容词搭配。 基本形式：;语法功能：不定式在句子中可以充当主语、宾语、表语、定语、状语和补足语。 1）作主语　　不定式或不定式短语作主语时，谓语动词用第三人称单数。如：　　To serve the people well is our duty.　　动词不定式短语作主语时，往往放在谓语动词的后面，用引导词it作形式主语。上述句子也可改为：　　It is our duty to serve the people well.