《数据仓库跟数据挖掘》第8节.pptVIP

Data Mining: Concepts and Techniques 第6章: 关联规则挖掘 Association rule mining Algorithms for scalable mining of (single-dimensional Boolean) association rules in transactional databases Mining various kinds of association/correlation rules Constraint-based association mining Sequential pattern mining Applications/extensions of frequent pattern mining Summary What Is Association Mining? Association rule mining: Finding frequent patterns, associations, correlations, or causal structures among sets of items or objects in transaction databases, relational databases, and other information repositories. Frequent pattern: pattern (set of items, sequence, etc.) that occurs frequently in a database [AIS93] Motivation: finding regularities in data What products were often purchased together? — Beer and diapers?! What are the subsequent purchases after buying a PC? What kinds of DNA are sensitive to this new drug? Can we automatically classify web documents? 关联规则挖掘的基本概念 购物篮分析－引发关联规则挖掘的例子 问题：“什么商品组或集合顾客多半会在一次购物中同时购买？” 购物篮分析：设全域为商店出售的商品的集合（即项目全集），一次购物购买（即事务）的商品为项目全集的子集，若每种商品用一个布尔变量表示该商品的有无，则每个购物篮可用一个布尔向量表示。通过对布尔向量的分析，得到反映商品频繁关联或同时购买的购买模式。这些模式可用关联规则描述。 〖例〗购买计算机与购买财务管理软件的关联规则可表示为： computer financial_management_softwar [support=2%,confidence=60%] support为支持度，confidence为置信度。 该规则表示：在所分析的全部事务中，有2％的事务同时购买计算机和财务管理软件；在购买计算机的顾客中60％也购买财务管理软件。 Why Is Frequent Pattern or Assoiciation Mining an Essential Task in Data Mining? Foundation for many essential data mining tasks Association, correlation, causality Sequential patterns, temporal or cyclic association, partial periodicity, spatial and multimedia association Associative classification, cluster analysis, iceberg cube, fascicles (semantic data compression) Broad applications Basket data analysis, cross-marketing, catalog design, sale campaign analysis Web log (click stream) analysis, DNA sequence analysis, etc. 关联规则 关联（Associations）分析的目的是为了挖掘隐藏在数据间的相互关系，即对于给定的一组项目和一个记录集，通过对记录集的分析，得出项目集中的项目之间的相关性。项目之间的相关性用关联规则来描述，关联规则反映了一组数据项之间的密切程度或