直接引语和间接引语教材课程.ppt

直接引语 间接引语 直接引语变间接引语：人称的变化 2、二随宾”是指直接引语变间接引语时，若从句中的主语及宾语是第二人称或被第二人你所修饰。从句中的人称要跟引号外的主句的宾语一致。如果引号外的主句没有宾语。也可以用第一人称，如 Eg: Mum said to me: You must clean your bedroom by yourself. Mum told me that I had to clean my bedroom by myself. She?said?to?him,?“You?are?very?nice.” She?told?him?that?he?was?very?nice. 直接引语变间接引语：人称的变化 3.“第三人称不更新”是指直接引语变间接引语时。如果从句中的主语及宾语是第三人称或被第三人称所修饰从句中的人称一般不需要变化如： Eg: Mr.?Smith?said, “Jack?is?a?good?boy.” Mr.?Smith?said?Jack?was?a?good?boy. She?said?to?him,?“It’s?time? to go home.” She?told?him?that?it?was?time? to go home. 直接引语变间接引语：时态的变化 现在进行时 过去进行时 现在完成时 过去完成时 一般过去时 直接引语在改为间接引语时，时态需要做相应的调整。其基本法则和我宾语从句的时态变化一致，也就是说从句时态要和主句时态一致。如果从句是过去时，主句要向后退一格时态，变成一种过去时。? 直接引语变间接引语：时态的变化 特殊说明： 但要注意在以下几种情况下。在直接引语变为间接引语时，时态一般不变化。????? ①直接引语是客观真理。如 “The?earth?moves?around?the?sun?and?the?moon?moves?around?the?earth”,?the?teacher??told?me.? ????→?The?teacher?told?me?the?earth?moves?around?the?sun?and?the?moon?moves?around?the???earth。 ②直接引语是过去进行时，时态不变。如： Jack?said,?“John,?where?were?you?going?when?I?met?you?in?the?street?”????? ?→Jack?asked?John?where?he?was?going?when?he?met?him?in?the?street.? 直接引语变间接引语：时态的变化 ?③直接引语中有具体的过去某年、某月、某日作状语，变为间接引语时，时态不变。如： Xiao?Wang?said，“I?was?born?on?April?20,?1980.”???? →Xiao?Wang?said?he?was?born?on?April?20,?1980. ④直接引语如果是一般现在时。表示一种反复出现或习惯性的动作，变间接引语，时态不变。如： He?said,?“I?get?up?at?six?every?morning.”?????? →He?said?he?gets?up?at?six?every?morning.? ⑤如果直接引语中的情态动词没有过去时的形式（例：ought?to，had?better，used?to)和已经是过去时的形式时，（例：could,?should,?would,?might）不再变。 Peter?said，“You?had?better?come?have?today.”?????? →Peter?said?I?had?better?go?there?that?day. 直接引语中的时间状语转换规则： ? ? 记住：指示代词、时间状语、地点状语和动词的变化 ? ? 直接引语变间接引语：句型 1 当直接引语是陈述句：间接引语应改为由that引导的宾语从句。 主语+ (said ) + that+句子( 时态往过去推 ) told sb. he teacher said, My students are hard-working. →The teacher said that his / her students were hardworking. 直接引语变间接引语：句型 2、直接引语如果是反意疑问句，选择疑问句或一般疑问句，间接引语应改为由whether或if引导的宾语从句。 Do you have math? ( They asked him