电力变压器温度的在线监测与诊断（毕业论文）.doc

电力变压器温度的在线监测与诊断 摘要 伴随着我国经济的快速发展，我国的电网运行水平也在不断提高，电力变压器是电力系统中最重要的、最昂贵的设备之一，它的可靠性直接关系到电网是否安全、高效、经济的运行。大部分变压器寿命的终结是因为其丧失了应有的绝缘能力，而影响绝缘能力的最主要因素是变压器运行时的绕组温度。如果变压器运行时的绕组最热点温度过低，则变压器的能力就没有得到充分利用，减低了经济效益，而热点温度过高，不仅会影响变压器使用寿命，还将对变压器安全运行造成威胁。电力变压器内部属于高电压、强电磁场环境，对于变压器绕组温度的监测，光纤光栅传感技术与传统的电信号传感技术相比具有无法比拟的优势，尤其是适于电力变压器内部的复杂电磁环境。 本论文研究分布式光纤传感器的应用系统，主要包括两方面。首先，深入细致地分析研究了分布式光纤温度传感器系统的原理；分析目前世界上光纤测温的先进技术以及科研成果，采用基于拉曼散射的反斯托克斯和斯托克斯光的光强比较技术，从空间和温度分辨率入手，结合实际情况制定本系统的可行方法。其次对系统的每一部分都以物理公式的推导为基础，以变使系统各部分的构建达到最优化；最终将复杂的系统分解为较为简单的、有利于我们用软硬件实现的部分。其次，在系统原理明确的基础上实现了该系统的光纤采样及后面的软件运算等部分，依据设计方案完成了试验装置，进行了试验研究。 关键词：绕组热点温度；光纤光栅；在线监测；分布式光纤传感器；单片机 Power transformer on-line monitoring and diagnosis Abstract Along with the rapid development of economy in our country, the level of power grid operation in our country are also constantly improve, power system of power transformer is one of the most important and most expensive equipment, its reliability is directly related to the power grid is safe, efficient and economic operation. Most of the end of the transformer life because it lost its insulating ability, is the most important factors which affect the ability of the insulation transformer winding temperature at runtime. If transformer winding at runtime the hot spot temperature is too low, the ability of the transformer is underutilized, reduced economic efficiency, and the hot spot temperature is too high, will not only affect the service life of the transformer, will also pose a threat to the safe operation of the transformer. Power transformer internal belong to high voltage and strong electromagnetic environment, for the transformer winding temperature monitoring, fiber Bragg grating sensing technology compared with the traditional electrical sensor technology has incomparable advantages, particularly suitable for power transformer internal complex electromagnetic environment. Application of distributed fiber optic sensor system are studied in this paper, mainly including two aspects. First of all