Digestive System Disorders幻灯片.pptVIP

Digestive System Disorders Chapter 20 Pgs 362-419 Overview Common Manifestations of Digestive System Disorders Anorexia, nausea, vomiting Diarrhea Constipation Pain Malnutrition Basic Diagnostic Tests Common Therapies Upper Gastrointestinal Tract Disorders Hiatal hernia Gastritis Peptic ulcer Disorders of the Liver and Pancreas Gallbladder disorders Hepatitis Lower Gastrointestinal Tract Disorders Colorectal cancer Common Manifestations—Anorexia, Nausea, Vomiting Digestive system disorders or sign of other problems Nausea and vomiting common indicators of GI disorder Anorexia precedes the above Nausea General unpleasant, subjective feeling Vomiting Forceful expulsion of irritant Medulla coordinates reflex Steps of Vomiting Anorexia, Nausea, Vomiting Retching before vomiting Characteristics of vomitus “coffee grounds” Blood Partial digestion in stomach of protein in blood Yellowish-green Contains bile (from duodenum) Deeper brown Content from lower intestine Common Manifestations—Diarrhea Excessive freq of stools Usually loose and watery Acute or chronic Accomp by cramps and pain Severe, prolonged may lead to Dehydration, electrolyte imbalance, acidosis, malnutrition Diarrhea—Classification Lg. vol diarrhea Secretory or osmotic Leads to watery stool (increased secretion into intestine) Often related to infection or short transit time Sm vol diarrhea Inflammatory bowel disease Stool with blood, mucus, pus Steatorrhea “fatty diarrhea” Freq, bulky, greasy, loose stools with foul odor Characteristic of malabsorption disorder Diarrhea—Classification Blood Frank blood Red blood on surface of stool Lesions in rectum/anal canal Not been “digested” Occult blood Small hidden amounts Not visible to eye Caused by bleeding ulcers in stomach, sm intestine Melena Dark-colored Significant bleeding higher in digestive tract Hb acted on by bacteria = darker color Gas Develops normally in digestive tract From swallowed air and digestion/bacterial action Manifestations—Constipation