投资项目风险分析模版ppt课件.ppt

步骤3：评价风险程度 Step 3 Risk Response Development When a risk event is identified and assessed, a decision must be made concerning which response is appropriate for the specific event. Responses to risk can be classified as mitigating, transferring, sharing, or retaining. Mitigating Risk Reducing risk is usually the first alternative considered. There are basically two strategies for mitigating risk: 1) reduce the likelihood that the event will occur 2) reduce the impact that the adverse event would have on the project. Transferring Risk Passing risk to another party is common; this transfer does not change risk. Passing risk to another party almost always results in paying a premium（额外费用） for this exemption Fixed-price contracts are the classic example of transferring risk from an owner to a contractor. Another more obvious way to transfer risk is insurance. Sharing Risk Risk sharing allocates proportions of risk to different parties. Example, Airbus A 300B, RD risks were allocated among European countries including Britain and France, Other forms of risk sharing are emerging Retaining（保留） Risk In some cases a conscious decision is made to retain the risk of an event occurring. Some risks are so large it is not feasible to consider transferring or reducing the event ( e.g. an earthquake or flood). The risk is retained by developing a contingency plan to implement if the risk materializes. The more effort given to risk response before the project begins, the better the chances are for minimizing project surprises. Knowing that the response to a risk event will be retained, transferred,or shared greatly reduces stress and uncertainty when the risk event occurs. Step 4: Risk Response Control The last step in the risk management process is risk control—executing the risk response strategy, monitoring triggering（引发） events, initiating contingency plans, and watching for new risks. Project managers need to monitor risks just like they track project pr