当代英国社会及文化11.pptVIP

Chapter 11 What is a welfare state? P263 History of the welfare system p263-264, p273-274 (2, Section B) The Beveridge Report p264, p283 A brief look: the present welfare system p266-272. Focus: Health (NHS, GP?) Reading: “New Labour and the modernization of welfare” p278-279 More… Resources for welfare? P263 Individual responsibility and collective responsibility? P263 NHS, GP Evaluation of Thatcher’s remarks p264 Three main areas of welfare provision? P266 A welfare state p263 Government responsibility for the well-being of its citizens throughout life Interventions in the market economy Reasonable and possible standards (controversial) for all Protection against the unexpected hazards of life Resources: National Insurance, general taxation, VAT p182 Evaluation of the welfare system People looked after “from the cradle to the grave” Extensive coverage A sense of security for those in need (3 areas: social security, health, housing) A reliable system to deduce dependence on relationship and family members Egalitarian: A net for all, regardless of social status Costly, outgrow GDP, drawback of economic advance Claim: complex, time-consuming “Welfare dependency” A sense of inferiority, lack of dignity in those who benefit from it Service for the poor – poor service Tax for all regardless of their needs Welfare Britain – the present Social security: a. DWP (p266) and other benefits b. public favor in the benefits for the sick and disabled and disproval of increased benefits for single parents and the unemployed Health: GP, on the first level, intensified NHS (Beveridge Report p264, p283) increasing investment-concern-reducing costs a. private sector recommended b. privatization of non-medical services in state hospitals c. Saving Lives: Our Healthier Nation p268 Housing: a. the importance of a house (p270) b. “council houses” (p271)，for rent and later for sale c. Private Sector Housing ren