我国学前教育财政投入公平性研究评述.doc

PAGE \* MERGEFORMAT 1 我国学前教育财政投入公平性研究评述 摘 要 通过对已有文献的梳理归纳可以发现，针对我国学前教育财政投入公平性的研究，主要集中于对以下四个问题的讨论：政府是否需要财政投入学前教育；我国学前教育财政投入存在哪些现实问题；我国学前教育受益归宿是否公平；如何改革财政投入体制以实现学前教育机会公平。一方面，大部分研究表明政府责任缺失、财政投入机制不合理是造成我国学前教育受益不公平的主要原因；明确政府投入责任、改革财政投入体制来实现我国学前教育机会公平，已成为广大学者的基本共识。另一方面，对于政府在学前教育领域应该承担多大的支付责任、财政体制改革应侧重哪些方面等问题，学术界还存在一些争论和分歧。这些研究对我国采取公平取向的学前教育财政投入机制具有重要启示。本文在对已有文献进行述评的基础上，还指出了国内研究的特点和不足，以供探讨。 关键词：学前教育 财政投入机制 公平 A Survey of the Equity Study on Preschool Education Financing in China By reviewing the existing literatures，this paper classifies and analyzes four crucial problems on the equity of preschool education financing: Should the government be responsible for financing the pre-education? What actual problems do the pre-education financial investments to face? Whether preschool education beneficial Incidence is equal or not? How to reform the public financial system so that aim to the equal chance of preschool education? On one hand, most research indicated that the main reasons of the unequal of preschool education are the lack of public financial responsibilities and disproportional distribution of financial investment system. Therefore, explicating the responsibilities of public financial investment, reforming the public financial system to achieve the equal of preschool education have reached a consensus among researchers. On the other hand, how much financing responsibilities should the government undertake on the preschool education? How does the government adjust the financial system? Whether the pre-education should be brought the preschool education into the compulsory education system? As to these problems, researchers have much disagreement and controversy. This paper points out the characters and limitations of the domestic research in line with commentary. Key words：preschool education financial complementary mechanism equity 1.引言 随着经济发展和社会进步，我国进入了一个关注社会公平的时期，教育公平作为社会公平的重要基础受到重视，将促进教育公平作为教育的基本政策已经确立。而学前教育作为基础教育之基础，其公平问题却长期游离于决策者和研究者的视域之外。“入园难、入园贵